Assessment of Genetic Stability of Micropropagated Bambusa balcooa Roxb. using RAPD Marker

Bambusa balcooa Roxb. was in vitro propagated by optimizing protocol using nodal segment from secondary branches with 100% success in MS liquid media containing 100 mg/l Myo-inositol, 3% sucrose supplement with 4.4 - 26.64 μM BAP for shoot multiplication, and 2.69 - 32.26 μM NAA for root induction. The highest shoot multiplication (14.53 ± 0.33 folds), shoot length (5.9 ± 0.6 cm), shoot number per explants (4.0 ± 0.24), and rooting (89.3 ± 0.33%) was obtained in MS liquid media supplement with 13.32 μM BAP (shooting) and 26.88 μM NAA (rooting) and 1% aqueous leaf extract of Artemisia vulgaris L. (EAV). Twenty RAPD (Random amplified Polymorphic DNA) primers were used individually to amplify DNA of tissue culture-raised plants and the mother plant where 8 primers yielded monomorphic banding patterns with reproducible, clear, scorable bands (2.8 per primer) ranging from 250 to 1800 bp respectively which revealed the micropropagated plants of B. balcooa retained their genetic stability. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 31(1): 81-95, 2021 (June)

Possible mechanism of bamboo shoots (Bambusa balcooa) induced thyroid disruption – An in vitro study

Endemic goitre and associated iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) are a major concern in public health even in the period of post salt iodization in many regions. Among others the consumption of cyanogenic plants found responsible for the persistence of such diseases. Bamboo shoots (BS) is one such cyanogenic plant food that caused disruption of certain thyroid hormone synthesizing regulatory element as has already been reported in our earlier study. In this investigation the possible mechanism of thyrocytes disruption along with interruption of thyroid hormone biosynthesis by BS has been worked out. Commonly consumed BS, Bambusa Balcooa Roxb (BBR) water extract was analysed by GC MS; three doses below IC50 were administered to thyrocytes in culture with and without iodine. Expressions of thyroglobulin (Tg), pendrin (PDS) and monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) were evaluated in thyrocytes with cell cycle analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA oxidation and apoptotic regulation through Bax, Bcl-2 and p53. Phytochemical analysis of BBR extract revealed the presence of precursors and metabolic end products of cyanogenic glycosides. Dose dependent decrease in expression of Tg and PDS with concomitant decrease in gene expression of these with MCT8 were observed. Increased ROS, DNA oxidation and associated imbalance were found through increased Bax and p53 with decreased Bcl-2 that perturbed thyrocytes cell cycle. Cyanogenic constituents of BBR generates ROS associated oxidative changes in thyrocytes with DNA damage and oxidation and cell cycle disruption followed by inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesizing regulatory elements; addition of extra iodine showed partial prevention.