Study on Non-Axisymmetric 3D Curved Surface Turning by Driven-Type Rotary Tool Synchronized With Spindle

Since shifting to electric vehicles as a countermeasure against global warming is not always easy to complete, the hybrid car has been considered as another possible solution. However, based on the calculation of total CO2 emissions, all hybrid cars which will constitute 90% of all cars are expected to be equipped with an internal combustion engine even after 2030. Therefore, further efficiency improvement of the internal combustion engine is necessary. One of the key factors is the variable valve timing and variable lift with the 3D cam mechanism. Since conventional technology uses a complicated link mechanism and servo motor control, this leads a problem to set into small cars or motorcycles because they cannot afford to install the variable valve timing and variable lift with cam mechanism. To solve this problem, a cam shape with a three-dimensional curved surface has been proposed. In order to create this shape, the machining method for non-axisymmetric curved surface turning (NACS-Turning) is required. To build the new system, our research group has proposed a new machining method using a driven type rotary tool and a linear motor driven moving table to enable to achieve NACS-Turning. In this new system, a new tool rotation axis (B axis) is adopted to synchronize its rotational position with the rotational position of the spindle (C axis) holding the workpiece, the X1-, X2-, and Z-Axis positions in total. In this paper, the new hardware configuration is proposed to overcome the present machining accuracy.

Creating an intramuscular injection pad for the SimMan 3G

This short report outlines the rationale, design and method of production for a thigh-mounted intramuscular (IM) pad in the thigh of a SimMan 3G manikin. The aim of this project was to create an IM injection site in the manikin’s thigh to allow simulation participants to practise administering IM injections in a safe, supported environment. After creating a prototype from a plastic bottle, a module was designed to use with the SimMan 3G. A mould of SimMan’s leg was created using plaster of Paris, and then a relief was added to this mould to create the shape required to hold the sponge. Once the mould was completed, glass reinforced plastic (GRP) was applied to create the final module. Using an electric rotary tool, a hole was cut in the SimMan’s thigh to enable the module to be fitted. The final product was waterproof, lightweight and strong. It sits discretely beneath the SimMan 3G’s leg skin enabling students to practise high-fidelity IM injections on the manikin’s leg without faculty intervention. This module is a cost-effective solution for allowing participants to practise IM injections on a manikin during healthcare simulation.

Mathematical Model of Rotary Machined Helical Surfaces

The rotary cutting method of materials has a number of advantages over the existing traditional cutting methods, e.g. temperature decrease in the cutting zone, also noncumulative blade wear. Due to its high durability, the rotary tool allows processing hardened and difficult-to-machine materials, high-temperature alloys, as well as composite and laminated materials. However, this machining method is usually not applied for machining various shaped surfaces, which is mainly due to the lack of mathematical calculation of the resulting profiles, and the absence of a wide variety of methods for rotary tools installation. The article discusses the mathematical foundation of the resulting profile when processing helical surfaces when processing the flanks of rotary tools.