Unusual Congenital Lesion Masquerading as a Lung Mass in an Adult

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a broad spectrum of congenital cystic lung lesions caused by the arrested bronchoalveolar development. Approximately, 80% of CPAMs are diagnosed prenatally or during the neonatal period when patients present with respiratory failure and cyanosis. CPAM is often associated with other organ anomalies and aplasia, and they have poor prognoses. Many CPAMs are detected in infants and school-age children, and infections like pneumonia trigger these diagnoses. It rarely manifests in adults. These often get missed because of the superadded diseases, and hence, it is essential to have a correct approach to their diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis.

Pericardial pseudocyst along atrioventricular groove

Cystic lesions in relation to the pericardium are a rare congenital lesion with an estimated incidence of 1 per 100,,000. Pericardial cysts may be classified as congenital or acquired. Here, we present a case of a pericardial pseudocyst having a horseshoe configuration along the atrioventricular groove in a middle-aged subject with no previous relevant medical history. The patient underwent open surgery for the same with histopathological diagnosis being established. This paper highlights the differentials for a cystic pericardial lesion in imaging in addition to the histopathological entity of a pericardial pseudocyst.

Sonographic evaluation of congenital cystic neck masses with histopathological correlation

Background: Accurate diagnosis is important for planning of management of the congenital cystic neck mass. Clinical history, physical examination and appropriate knowledge of embryology and anatomy of the cervical region frequently allow the differential diagnosis to be narrowed and ultrasound especially high frequency ultrasound help to further confirmation. USG has been used as the initial imaging procedure in the evaluation of them. Ultrasound not only confirms the cystic nature of the lesion but also evaluates exact location, size, extent, relation to the surrounding structures and internal characteristic of mass. Objectives: To establish the usefulness of ultrasound in the evaluation of congenital cystic neck masses. Methods: From January 2014 to March 2018 a total 50 patients with clinically suspected congenital cystic mass in the neck region were selected who under want operative treatment and histopathological examination. A through history taking and physical examination were done then patient were scanned with gray scale ultrasound and colour Doppler in necessary case. Histopathological report collected from the patient and compare with USG diagnosis. Results: In USG 37 patient diagnosed as congenital lesions and 13 patient diagnosed as non-congenital lesion. Among the congenital lesions thyroglossal duct cyst-19, branchial cleft cyst-12, cystic hygroma-4, hemangioma-1 and epidermoid cyst-1. In histopathology 32 patient diagnosed as congenital lesion and 18 diagnosed as non-congenital lesion. Among the congenital lesions thyroglossal duct cyst-18, branchial cleft cyst-8, cystic hygroma-4, hemangioma-1 and epidermoid cyst-1. Among the 19 USG diagnosed thyroglossal duct cyst 17 is confirmed by histopathology and 2 is differ. Among the 12 USG diagnosed branchial cleft cyst 7 is confirmed by histopathology and 5 is differ. Over all sensitivity of USG-93.7% and specificity-64% and accuracy-74%. Conclusion: USG is a useful modality for the diagnosis of congenital cystic mass in the cervical region. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 68-78

Coccygeal Polypoid Eccrine Nevus Presenting as a Skin Tag: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Coccygeal polypoid eccrine nevi (CPEN) are rare, benign, cutaneous polypoid lesions localized to the coccyx region that are characterized by areas of hyperplastic eccrine ducts without hyperhidrosis. We present the case of an asymptomatic 16-month-old female with a congenital lesion in the lower sacral area and review the literature and the differential diagnosis for CPEN.

Nevus Comedonicus: Case Report

Nevus comedonicus is a rare cutaneous anomaly, characterized by the clustering of papules with firm, blackened horny buffers. It in general has a zosteriform pattern and affects both genders equally. In some patients, there is formation of cysts, abscesses, and fistulas, aggravating its psychosocial impact. The association with extracutaneous lesions characterizes the nevus comedonicus syndrome. Despite several therapeutic options, the result is unsatisfactory in most cases. We report the case of a man with an exuberant congenital lesion, affecting the left suprascapular region, arm, and forearm.