colony dynamics
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Author(s):  
Jackie Taylor ◽  
M. Carme Calderer ◽  
Miki Hondzo ◽  
Vaughan Voller

1. Harmful algal blooms are increasing in both severity and frequency across the globe. Many bloom-forming species are capable of vertical motility and colony formation. The cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa is a common example of such a species, yet current models poorly predict vertical distributions of M. aeruginosa. 2. To couple the hydrodynamics, buoyancy, and the colony dynamics of Microcystis, we present a system of one-dimensional advection-diffusion-aggregation equations with Smoluchowski aggregation terms. 3. Results indicate Smoluchowski aggregation accurately describes the colony dynamics of M. aeruginosa. Further, transport dynamics are strongly dependent on colony size, and aggregation processes are highly sensitive to algal concentration and wind-induced mixing. Both of these findings have direct consequences to harmful algal bloom formation. 4. While the theoretical framework outlined in this manuscript was derived for M. aeruginosa, both motility and colony formation are common among bloom-forming algae. As such, this coupling of vertical transport and colony dynamics is a useful step for improving forecasts of surface harmful algal blooms.


Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary L. Malfi ◽  
Elizabeth Crone ◽  
Maj Rundlöf ◽  
Neal M. Williams

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3727
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Fudala ◽  
Robert Józef Bialik

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...]


Author(s):  
Feng Rao ◽  
Marisabel Rodriguez Messan ◽  
Angelica Marquez ◽  
Nathan Smith ◽  
Yun Kang

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C Robertson ◽  
Wilma G Robertson

Abstract We present the results of a 5-yr field study on colony dynamics and plant community associations of Owyhee harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex salinus (Olsen), in sagebrush-steppe habitat in southwestern Idaho. Over a 5-yr period, the total number of ant colonies across 16 sites increased from 843 to 878 (4.15%) as a result of 315 colony deaths and 350 colony initiations. Up to 7.1% of colony initiations may have been instances of nest relocation. Colonies had a higher rate of failure in their first year than in subsequent years (12.4 vs 4.6–8.4% over the next 3 yr). Of the 11 sites analyzed for colony dispersion, one was significantly clumped and the others did not differ from random. Population density in the final year of study ranged from 0.1 to 62.9 colonies/ha and was best described by an inverse relationship with sagebrush cover and positive relationship with coverage of non-Bromus (non-cheatgrass) understory vegetation. We interpret these results both in terms of 1) food resources—harvester ants avoid cheatgrass seeds in their diet, preferring instead small-seeded grasses and forbs, and 2) habitat structure—harvester ants prefer nesting in open areas where the ground is exposed to sun and they can clear vegetation from the vicinity of their nests. Given the habitat associations we report, the transition from sagebrush-dominated habitat to open grasslands that is occurring rapidly throughout much of the western United States may prove costly to native plant species whose seeds are readily consumed by harvester ants.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Malfi ◽  
Elizabeth Crone ◽  
Maj Rundl f ◽  
Neal Williams

Author(s):  
Erkan Topal ◽  
Banu YÜCEL ◽  
Rahşan İvgin Tunca ◽  
Mustafa Kösoğlu

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Czechowski ◽  
Gema Trigos-Peral ◽  
István Maák ◽  
Kari Vepsäläinen

The first observation of alate gyne of Dolichoderus quadripunctatus (L.) visiting aphids is described. A gyne walked along a foraging trail to the aphid Panaphis juglandis Goeze colony where it imbibed honeydew excreted on the leaf by the aphids, after which it returned to the trail. This recurred during two more days, always a single alate gyne at a time; hence the total number of gynes, one or more, remained open. The phenomenon, hitherto practically unknown in ants, is presented against the background of the biology of the species and discussed in the context of specific environmental circumstances and the colony dynamics.


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