Attributes of Farm Income Operating on Conservation Agriculture: TheMultivariate and ANN Analytics

Conservation agriculture (CA) is the combination of environmental management, modernand scientific agriculture, which employs farmers’ ability to utilize, innovate, and adapt tochanging situations, as well as their holistic acceptance of knowledge along with ensuringsustainability. Farm-level adoption of CA is related to reduced labour and agricultural inputs,more consistent yields, and increased soil nutrient exchange capacity. A good quality landyields good results to everyone, confers good health on the entire family, and causes growthof money, cattle, and grain. The present study depicts hard evidences by identifying markervariables impacting income augmentation through conservation agriculture. A score of 50farmers has been selected from two blocks of Cooch Behar district of West Bengal, bynon-probability snowballing sampling techniques with a total of eighteen independentvariables along with income from major crop is used as the dependent variable through astructured interview schedule. A basket of multivariate analytical techniques has been appliedalong with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as well. The results depict that a blend ofdiversified farming and farming experiences in CA contributed immensely to scale up incomefrom conservation agriculture approaches.

The Green Years: The Role of Abundant Water in Shaping Postwar Constructions of Rural Femininity

This article offers one of the first studies to pay attention to the influence of abundant rain in advancing postwar agendas and shaping new constructions of rural femininity. Enriching an understanding of modernity, I use oral history testimony and private archives to illuminate women's emotional, social and sensory responses to plentiful water and the possibilities it fostered. While previous tropes had warned that close engagement with the elements would leave women 'unsexed' and drained of feminine vitality, the verdure that characterised the postwar era made the environment appear pliable, acquiescent and drought-proof, no longer threatening but actively inviting women's involvement. Informed by scientific agriculture, the modern rural woman, was constructed as 'feminine' and 'attractive' but also well-equipped to contribute her labour to the forward momentum of Australian farming.

Fodder Beet (Beta Vulgaris Var Crassa) Yield and Quality Attributrs As Affected By Nitrogen Fertilization and Foliar Boron Application

A field experiment was conducted during two seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at Homs Agriculture Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (GCSAR), Syria, to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization rates and foliar application of boron on root yield and quality and dry matter yield of fodder beet. Results showed that the effect of nitrogen fertilization was significant (p≤0.001) for all studied traits except brix%. The effects were significant positive on root, shoot and biological yields, sucrose percentage, root, shoot and total dry matter yields. On the other hand the effect of boron spraying was presented for each season separately, because the differences of boron treatments were significant for all parameters except brix% at each season, and HI at the two seasons, while the differences of years were significant for all parameters except for HI. the highest yield and yield components were achieved by adding 300 kg N/ha with the addition of boron under Homs governorate conditions.

Chemical and Organic Farming in India: An Overview

India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. As per 2018, agriculture employed 50% of the Indian work force and contributed 17-18% to country’s GDP. India exported $38 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making it the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide and the sixth largest net exporter. Chemical fertilizers are major inputs of scientific agriculture. India is one of the major countries in the production and consumption of fertilizers. Fertilizer consumption was less than 1 million tones before the mid-1960s. With the introduction of high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, there was acceleration in the growth of fertilizer consumption. The Government of India has also implemented the National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP). The national programme involves the accreditation programme for Certification Bodies, standards for organic production, promotion of organic farming etc. As on 31st March 2018, total area under organic certification process (registered under National Programme for Organic Production) is 3.56 million Hectare (2017-18). Against this backdrop, the present study is undertaken to present an overview of chemical and organic farming in Ind

CLONAL PROPAGATION CAPACITY OF TWO NEW APPLE ROOTSTOCKS BY STOOLING

This investigation was carried out at General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Research – Pome and Grapevine Division in Sweida governorate (Syria), from 2013 to 2017, to evaluate the ability of two new local apple rootstocks (SukariAlswieda ‘S’and SkarjiAlswieda ‘H’) to vegetative propagation in stool bed. The results showed that the second year of propagation significantly produced the highest number of rooted shoots (liners) from each rootstock (7 liners and 5 liners in ‘S’ and ‘H’ respectively). ‘S’ and ‘H’ rootstocks revealed significant difference in average produced liners. However, the length and diameter of liners from ‘H’ rootstock did not show significant difference among studied years, they were in average 59.1 cm and 6.1 mm respectively.While as, the highest length and diameter of liners from ‘S’ were in the third year (82.3 cm and 7.6 mm respectively). On the other hand, the two studied rootstocks produced liners with good and stable root system which differed in structure between them, that ‘S’ rootstock revealed coarse (woody) roots, while in ‘H’ rootstock the roots were hairy. The number of roots was in average 17 roots and 12 roots in the liners of ‘S’ and ‘H’ respectively.As well as. the average length of liners roots were 23.4 cm and 22.2 cm in ‘S’ and ‘H’ respectively. Consequently, the clonal propagation for the studied rootstocks in stool bed is a sufficient tool to produce liners similar to the plant parent and they are ready to be budded with cultivars scions.