Encouraging Parents to Participate in “KESGILUT” (Dental and Oral Health) Program Using “AWAS” (Aku Wedi Anakku Gigis) Educational Book

Background: A preliminary epidemiological study of three kindergartens in Embong Kaliasin Village under KetabangPublic Health Center, Surabaya coverage revealed that 63% of the kindergarteners have dental caries. The study alsofound that only 8% of them received dental treatment. The remaining 92% of kindergarteners never had dental treatmentbecause uncovered health insurance, unavailability of parents during working days and hours, mother’s education level,mother’s medical history, paternal support in dental and oral health care. Promotive, preventive, and referral efforts canbe achieved by empowering health cadres. The empowerment program addressed maternal reluctance in participating“KESGILUT” program by providing the “AWAS” educational book. Purpose: We expect that the program could increasemothers’ knowledge levels on dental and oral health as well as encourage them to participate in child dental and oralhealth care. Methods: The health education method was parental mentoring with a group approach. The parents ofManguni kindergarteners receiving the “AWAS” educational book as a group. The media of the program was the “AWAS”educational book. It covered information about dental and oral health, including primary and secondary dentition, stagesof dental caries, correct tooth brushing, nutritious food for teeth, and preventing dental caries. The evaluation method ofthis program is using pre-post test analysis. Results: There is an increasement in post test score (68%) to post-test score(83%). Conclusion: This program is effective to increase mother’s knowledge about dental and oral health.

The Stranger Danger: Exploring Surveillance, Autonomy, and Privacy in Children’s Use of Social Media

In this paper, we argue that censorware is one of the bogeymen that instills fear in parents whose children have access to the Internet. It is a fear that has the potential to restrict children’s autonomy and opportunities for engagement in social media. Fear regarding children’s online activities is one of the issues surrounding children’s Internet safety that does not appear to be situated in any particular social or cultural context. Among the most popular means of monitoring children online, censorware may prove even more harmful to children’s socioemotional wellbeing and development than any other form of monitoring (Boyd & Jenkins, 2006; Cloke & Jones, 2005; Helwig, 2006; Kamii, 1991; Laufer & Wolfe, 1977; Marx & Steeves, 2010; Pettit & Laird, 2002; Rooney, 2010). Inherent in the design and use of censorware are structures that inhibit children’s online and offline social interactions, their ability to develop fully as social actors, and their experience of being empowered to make informed and critical decisions about their lives, including choices relating to privacy. As well, reliance on surveillance-based approach-es to monitoring online activities of chil-dren (aged 5-14) may actually be leading to a greater danger: a decrease in oppor-tunities for children to have experiences that help them develop autonomy and independence. Our inquiry is located within a growing body of research that addresses the social implications of restricting, surveilling and controlling young children’s online activities versus nurturing individual autonomy through parental mentoring and critically reflec-tive software and social technology use.