POTENSI DAN PENGEMASAN PAKET EKOWISATA DI KABUPATEN BERAU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR

This research was conducted to determine the potential of ecotourism in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province so that it can be packaged into an ecotourism package that covers the whole area of Berau Regencey starting from the urban zone, the inland zone and the water zone. This Research was conducted in Berau Regency because Berau Regency has 159 tourist attractions and also its location is close to the location of the new capital. The ecotourism package packaging made in this study is based on the lack of variety of products and tour packages circulating in Berau Regency so that this research is expected to add variety as well as introduce new potentials that can be found in Berau Regency. Data collection techniques used in this study are in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. After conducting research in Berau Regency, there are 17 ecoutourism potentials which can be packaged into 4 kinds of ecoutourism packgaes, with details of theree full-day ecotourism packages and one 2-day 1 night ecoutourism packages and the ecotourism package itinerary in this study is made in the form of descriptions, tables, and graphs as well as the type of ecotourism package in this study is ready made tour. The titles of the ecotourism packages in this study are (1) Berau Culture and City Tour, (2) Berau Mangrove and Sangalaki Island Tour, (3) Orangutan University and Merabu Forest Tour, (2) Mirror Lake and Whale Shark Tour.

The Devonian Horn River Group and the basal Imperial Formation of the central Mackenzie Plain, N.W.T., Canada: multiproxy stratigraphic framework of a black shale basin

This study proposes six new lithostratigraphic units and redefines two others within the Horn River Group (HRG), a shale-dominated succession recently prospected for shale hydrocarbons. Its lower Hare Indian Formation rests on a drowning unconformity. In the SOB area (the area between Norman Wells and the Keele tectonic zone), this formation consists of the Bluefish black shale, Francis Creek grey shale, and Prohibition Creek black shale members. The latter two are lateral equivalents of the grey shale Bell Creek Member (updated definition) in the northern part of the study area. The overlying Canol Formation in the SOB area is divided into the Vermillion Creek and Dodo Canyon members. The Prohibition – Dodo Canyon package is ≥100 m thick and composed of brittle siliceous mudrocks with median SiO2 68%–79%, Al2O3 6%–9%, varying amount of calcite and dolomite, and type I–II kerogen with median TOC 4.5%. The thin Canol Formation blanketing Kee Scarp carbonate banks is identified as its Dodo Canyon Member. The latter is a “sweet bed” for fracking with median SiO2 75%–79%, TOC 5.1%, and trace-metal signatures indicating strongest anoxia in the section. The Mirror Lake Member in the base of the overlying Imperial Formation consists of soft illite-rich grey shales with minor siderite and dolomite. The overlying Loon Creek Member is composed of Canol-like black shale facies in its basal part and less organic-rich, lighter-colored shales and siltstones above. The Loon Creek Member is partly coeval with an overlying succession of sandstones and siltstones of the Canyon Member in its updated definition. Conodont data do not indicate significant time gaps between lithostratigraphic units. The majority of standard conodont zones from the uppermost Eifelian (ensensis Zone) up to the middle Frasnian (punctata Zone) are recognized. Assemblages of the hemiansatus and semialternans/latifossatus zones are missing probably owing to scarcity of conodont samples. The base of the HRG approximates the Eifelian–Givetian boundary, and the Hare Indian Formation is mostly Givetian. The Vermillion Creek Member spans the Givetian–Frasnian boundary. In places where thick Kee Scarp carbonates aggrade on thick sections of the Bell Creek Member, the Kee Scarp – Canol contact is found within the transitans Zone and the Middle Frasnian punctata Zone conodont assemblage is found in the basal part of the Dodo Canyon Member. The main part of the Dodo Canyon Member and basal beds of the Imperial Formation remain undated.