MACROFAUNA OF INVERTEBRATE OF LAKE NERO

The taxonomic composition of macrobenthos of Lake Nero and the mouth area of the river Sarah are shown. The main part of the benthos in the summer in the lake is formed by larvae of amphibiotic insects – chironomids, biting midges and mayflies. The macrobenthos of the lake and the mouth of the Sara River can be characterized as chironomid species complex. Relative to the results of previous studies, changes occurred in the dominant complex, a decrease in the total biomass of macroinvertebrates was noted. Together with a decrease in the species diversity, the only one dominant species (Chironomus f.l. plumosus) indicates a decrease in the homogeneity of the structure of benthic communities and its simplification. A decrease in the species richness, occurrence and density of oligochaetes was observed in comparison with the data of other studies. In contrast benthic communities, aquatic plants biotopes can be characterized as more favorable for both benthic and fitophilic invertebrates. The large number of invertebrate species makes it possible to evaluate the thicket as a biotope with very favorable environmental conditions. Rheophilic, limnophilic and obligate benthic species occurring here can coexist, rising from the bottom into thickets with a favorable oxygen regime, which allows them to survive in conditions of oxygen deficiency.

Features of biotopic differentiation of ecomorphs spectra of amphibiotic insects (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Odonata) communities in hydroecosystems of Ukrainian Carpathians

The peculiarities of biotope differentiation of amphibiotic insects ecomorphs spectra (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Odonata) in hydroecosystems of Ukrainian Carpathians are established. Among Ephemeroptera ecomorphs, the dominant species (in the number of species) were: subclass ploskotili velykoziabrovi zbyrachi-ziskobliuvachi ta khyzhaky; subclass siflonuroidni dribno ziabrovi zbyrachi-ziskobliuvachi. For epirytral, the dominant ecomorphs among the freckles are kryptobionty shchilyn briofily (35%); for metarytral – fitofilni kryptobionty podribniuvachi (61%); litofilni kryptobionty, yaki poliuiut iz zasidky (71%) – predominate in hiporytral. The spatial distribution of ecomorph groups of mayflies and stoneflies in Ukrainian Carpathians is subject to the general tendencies of vertical zonal distribution of trophic groups of zoobenthos, and is consistent with the basic provisions of the theory of river continuum of R. Vannot.

The diversity of amphibiotic insects (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Odonata) of Latorica river basins ecosystems

The taxonomic and eco-morphological diversity of amphibiotic insects in the ecosystems of the Latoritsa River basin was studied. Оf all 52 species of amphibiotic insects have been identified (32 species of Ephemeroptera, 7 species of stoneflies, 13 species of dragonflies). The main of the number and biomass of the community in the studied localities of the Latoritsa River basin is the families Baetidae and Heptageniidae. The rarity components of this region are investigated. The 3 types of Odonata, 5 types of Ephemeroptera and 3 types of Plecoptera larvae for Latoritsa river basin are discovered. The ecomorphological structure of dragonflies is represented by the following classes: rheophilic drifting and rheophilic velox larvae with spoonlike labium. The largest species diversity of the Ephemeroptera was recorded in 4 types of eco-morphs: siphlonuroides (47% from species diversity), plane-plots (32%), larvae with "tusks" (12%) and "kryshkovoziabrovi" larvae (9%). Among the Plecoptera there are 3 dominant type: lithophilous cryptobionts (42%), phytophilic cryptobionts (31%) and cryptobionts of gaps (27%).

FOOD LENOK BRACHYMYSTAX LENOK AND THE BAIKAL GRAYLING THYMALLUS BAICALENSIS MIDDLE REACHES OF THE RIVER CHIKOY (ZABAYKALSKY KRAI)

In 2017, we studied the composition of the bolus Lenka and chorusbridge reaches of the river Chikoy In the stomach, Lenka, grayling and discovered the pupa and imago of amphibiotic insects. The basis of the diet by mass of semimalignant and rucinski. Change of food components in different seasons of observations is established. The composition of the food lenok and grayling is the difference in the different watercourses. All this contributes to the divergence of fish in food niches and more complete use of food resources.