Dynamics of interhemispheric relations as a result of functional treatment in children with non-paralytic operated strabismus

Purpose. To study the dynamics of interhemispheric interactions in children with friendly strabismus as a result of functional treatment. Material and methods. The study included 135 children aged 6 to 8 (average 6.8±0.1) years with convergent non-paralytic operated strabismus in combination with hypermetropic refraction and 96 children of the same age in the control group (average 7.1±0.1 years) without ophthalmic pathology. In children with strabismus, the leading hand and dominant eye were determined before and after functional treatment. Characteristics of spatial perception were evaluated by copying of complex geometric shapes which were Taylor's (right-handed) and Ray-Osterritz's (lefthanded). Results. After functional treatment in the group of children with non-paralytic strabismus, along with improved binocular functions and improved performance of the Taylor and Ray-Osterritz tests, there was an increase in the number of ambidextrous children and a significant decrease in the number of left-handers (p<0.001). Conclusion. The increase in the number of symmetrical lateral phenotypes against the background of improved binocular functions and spatial perception characteristics as a result of functional treatment of children with non-paralytic strabismus indicates an improvement of their interhemispheric interactions and can be an additional criterion for the ef fectiveness of treatment. Key words: lateral phenotypes, interhemispheric asymmetry, functional treatment of strabismus

HIERARCHICAL PRINCIPLE IN THE PROBLEM OF A TYPOLOGICAL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

The study contains the theoretical review of different historical approaches to the study of typological properties of a man. One of the well-known typological systems in foreign psychology has been developed in constitutionology, juvenility characteristics, however, haven’t been included in its structure. On the basis of the studied samples the authors of the research consider the empirical proofs of juvenility existence, its significance in typological perspective and the formation of mental functions. The research findings of typological properties of the morphofunctional brain organization as a subject of both Russian and foreign psychology and psychophysiology are analyzed. Theoretical and experimental material is integrated in the analysis of individual typological peculiarities of students of higher educational establishments. The regularities of their manifestation at genotypic, behavioral and personal levels representing various hierarchical layers of a person’s typological system are revealed. Key words: behaviour, brain, constitution, hierarchy of topological properties, interhemispheric relations, juvenility, model, personal features.

EFFECT OF AMINOTHIOL ANTIHyPOXANTS ON INTERHEMISPHERIC ASyMMETRy OF THE bRAIN

The effect of aminothiol antihipoxants amthizol and its analogue VM-606 on the resistance of the SHR mice males to an acute hypoxia with hypercapnia under conditions of isolated functioning of one of the hemispheres of the brain was studied. Antihypoxic agent amthizol 25 mg/kg increases life time of naïve mice by 46.2%. The drug acted on the sham-operated mice more slightly, increasing of their life only on 28.1% (p<0.01). Administration of amthizol under conditions of functioning of the right hemisphere significantly enhanced (+64.8%) the life time of mice. No antihypoxic effect was registered after administration of amthizol to mice with active left hemisphere: the result was the same as in mice without amthizol. Therefore, antihypoxic effect of amthizol was due to its action on the right (but not the left) hemisphere of the brain. VM-606 possessed more antihypoxic activity in comparison with amthizol. After unilateral cortical inactivation, VM-606 increased life time of mice both in active right and active left hemispheres, but in more degree in active right hemisphere. Thus, interhemispheric differences in resistance of mice to hypoxia with hypercapnia were diminished. Therefore, the differences between amthizol and VM-606 are the followings: amthizol inverts interhemispheric relations in hypoxia whereas VM-606 diminishes them.