EFFECT OF NEBULIZED KETAMINE AND MAGNESIUM SULPHATE ON INCIDENCE OF POSTOPERATIVE SORETHROAT – A COMPARATIVE STUDY

BACKGROUND: Post-operative sorethroat(POST) following endotracheal intubation is a well-known complication, several methods have been tried to reduce this incidence. We are comparing the effects of nebulized ketamine & Magnesium Sulphate to reduce this. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To compare the efcacy of nebulized ketamine and magnesium sulfate in reducing the incidence of POST. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining Ethical clearance and patient consent, 40 Patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were randomized in to two groups. Five minutes prior to the induction of anesthesia, patients were nebulized with Group K = 1 ml of ketamine [50 mg] +4 ml normal saline, Group M = 0.5 ml of Magnesium Sulphate [250 mg] +4.5 normal saline, and Group S – 5 ml normal saline. RESULTS: There is moderate signicant difference between both the groups at 0 hr. No signicant difference between two groups at 2,6,12 and 24 hrs. CONCLUSION: Ketamineand Magnesium sulfate reduce the incidence of POST, are almost similar in their effects.

Glycosaminoglycans Modify Elastase Action In Vitro and Enhance Elastase-Induced Cell Death in Cultured Fibroblasts

Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) has been shown to be involved on death of different cell types, including epithelial lung cells, which is related to several pulmonary diseases. Since HNE activity may be influenced by extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and fibroblasts are the most common ECM-producing cells of lung connective tissue, the aim of this work was to verify if HNE can induce fibroblast death and to study the enzyme modulation by GAGs. HNE-like activity was mimicked by using human neutrophils conditioned medium (NCM). Heparan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate reduce the enzyme activity and modify its secondary structure. NCM reduced cell viability, and this effect was higher in the presence of those GAGs. NCM also increased DNA fragmentation, suggesting the occurrence of apoptosis, but without influence of GAGs. These results can contribute to the understanding of HNE modulation in physio- and pathological processes where this enzyme is involved.