KONSEP KEBUTUHAN PENGHUNI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN HUNIAN SEMENTARA (STUDI KASUS: HUNIAN SEMENTARA PASCA-BENCANA KOTA PALU, INDONESIA)

Gempa bumi yang terjadi di Kota Palu dan sekitarnya pada 28 September 2018 menyebabkan kerusakan pada 66.926 unit rumah. Pemerintah melakukan pembangunan hunian sementara untuk korban yang mengalami kerusakan rumah. Korban bencana telah menghuni hunian sementara kurang lebih selama 2 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal (grand tour) ditemukan fenomena perubahan fisik pada hunian sementara. Perubahan fisik yang terjadi menyebabkan hunian sementara berubah dari bentuk aslinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan wujud perubahan fisik yang terjadi untuk menyusun konsep hunian sementara pada masa tanggap darurat bencana berdasarkan kebutuhan penghuni. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan kasus ganda. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan penghuni hunian sementara melakukan perubahan fisik karena ada kebutuhan penghuni yang kurang dan belum terpenuhi. Hal tersebut disebabkan kurangnya konsep pemenuhuhan kebutuhan penghuni dalam kebijakan pembangunan hunian sementara. Maka diperlukan konsep hunian sementara yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan penghuni. Konsep kebutuhan pada hunian sementara terdiri atas kebutuhan fisik, kebutuhan psikologis, dan kebutuhan fungsional.

The Glorious Eden

O presente artigo pretende contribuir para o conhecimento da influência exercida pela trilogia: paisagem-imagem – Grand Tour – literatura de viagens, na criação e divulgação da imagem de Sintra. A articulação destes três fatores e a esfera de influência de cada um deles transforma Sintra num lugar privilegiado aos olhos do espetador-contemplador.A crescente divulgação de Sintra, sobretudo na literatura de viagens, teve como principal consequência um aumento de viajantes, que hoje denominaríamos turistas. Os ingleses contam-se em maior número, uma vez que o Grand Tour, enquanto fenómeno que motivou jovens aristocratas a percorrer toda a Europa, teve início em Inglaterra. Porém, à medida que avança a centúria oitocentista há uma diversificação das nacionalidades dos turistas que visitam Sintra e que produzem literatura sobre o local. Paralelamente, o Grand Tour e a literatura de viagens potenciaram uma intervenção na paisagem cenográfica de Sintra, que passou, sobretudo, pela construção, recuperação e valorização do património cultural e natural existentes, incluindo palácios, parques e jardins, operando uma reconfiguração visual do real, muitas vezes imprimindo a determinadas estruturas um aspeto de abandono, decadentista, selvagem e até de ruína que pretende, objetivamente, adequar as características do lugar ao espírito estético do movimento romântico.

5. A grand tour of exoplanets

‘A grand tour of exoplanets’ explores exoplanets. Since there are far too many known exoplanets already for many of them to get familiar names such as the Solar System planets have, they are identified by a two-part naming convention. The first part of the name is the star they orbit, and the second part is a lower-case letter indicating the order in which the planet associated with that star was discovered. There are two main ways that exoplanets are found: the radial velocity (RV) technique and the transit method. Planets can be characterized by their instellation and by size or mass.

Die Italienreise des Freiherrn Guidobald von Welsperg und Primör 1675–1676

The article exemplifies the role of the Grand Tour as the conclusion and culmination of an aristocratic education. The educational journey of the Tyrolean nobleman Guidobald of Welsperg began immediately after he completed his academic studies at the university of Innsbruck, taking him and his tutor through Italy, which was particularly popular as a Grand Tour destination thanks above all to its political diversity and cultural richness. Although Rome’s importance was waning, it continued to be regarded as the Caput Mundi by Catholic noblemen, especially during the 1675 Jubilee, underscoring the religious aspect of the journey. The advantages Rome had to offer must inevitably have had a formative effect on the young Tyrolean nobleman. The costs of the journey were high and out of reach of the majority, and therefore represented an important element of social distinction. At the same time, such an educational journey was a means of improving one’s education and polishing one’s manners that was almost obligatory for career purposes. Only by visiting foreign countries and courts could one acquire the Weltkenntnis, or knowledge of the world, qualifying an individual for higher posts at court, in the diplomacy or administration.

Zreformowana Anglia w oczach polskich podróżników

Reformed England in the Eyes of Polish Travelers in the Early Modern Period The aim of this article is to reconstruct and present the image of reformed England and the English people as perceived by the inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The primary source used is travel literature. The author analyses travellers’ impressions with research and educational journeys, “grand tour,” and diplomatic missions related to state or parliamentary activities. Travel literature containing descriptions of England reflect the author’s impressions, feelings, judgments and subjective opinions, as well as convey some knowledge about the world acquired not only during the trip, but also as a result of prior knowledge gained through learning and education. Moreover, the article discusses the emergence of a spectrum of perspectives and prejudices both for and against the English people, as well as the formation of national stereotypes.