Optimization of preservation solutions to execute testing on cervical smear sample

Background: The common methods to preserve cell for protein analyses are in cold condition or treated with freeze solution and packaging in dry ice for shipping. Solution which can preserve cervical cells at room temperature is preferable and cost consuming for laboratory testing. Aims and Objective: Research and optimized the storage and transport solution for cervical sample which can preserve cells at room temperature for laboratory testing. Materials and Methods: In this study, cervical specimens were collected in 3 different preservation solutions. Storage and transport of samples was at ambient or refrigerated temperature. The effect of preservation solution and temperature was check by cell visualization under microscope and protein measurement. Results: Presence of cells were detected in all three solutions. Among those, HEPES solution can preserve the highest number of cells and at room temperature. Conclusion: HEPES solution appeared suitable to preserve cervical cytology specimens at ambient temperature for further laboratory testing at protein and DNA level.

Effects of the operation parameters of a closed-type heating tower on the performance of heating tower heat pump system

The ventilator of the heating tower and the circulating pump of the anti-freeze solution are the main electrical equipment of a heating tower heat pump system, besides the compressor. By controlling the working frequencies of the ventilator of the heating tower and circulating pump of the anti-freeze solution, the effects of the operation parameters of a closed-type heating tower on its heat absorption and the performance of heating tower heat pump system were investigated under winter heat conditions. The results indicated that reducing the frequency of the circulating pump for the anti-freeze solution leads to a decrease in the temperature of the outlet evaporator of the anti-freezing solution and an increased temperature difference between the anti-freeze solution flowing into and out of the heating tower; meanwhile, excessively high and low anti-freeze flow rates lead to reduced heat absorption of the closed-type heating tower. The coefficient of performance fluctuates slightly if the frequency of circulating pump is above 20 Hz, but a slight drop in coefficient of performance is observed when the frequency is less than 15 Hz. The system energy efficiency ratio tends to increase as the frequency of circulating pump is reduced, although a substantial reduction occurs at 10 Hz. Furthermore, a reduced ventilator frequency decreases the temperatures of the anti-freeze solution at the inlet and outlet of the heating tower and the temperature difference, hindering the heat absorption of the heating tower. With reductions in the ventilator frequency, the coefficient of performance exhibits an initial increase followed by subsequent decreases, while the system energy efficiency ratio showed continual increases until the ventilator frequency dropped to 10 Hz. When the ventilator frequency or circulating pump frequency drops to 15 Hz and 10 Hz, the evaporation temperature of the heat pump unit decreases, resulting in an excessively exhaust temperature, which is not favorable for the safe operation of the system.