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<p>In this work we investigate whether experimental surface tension measurements,
which are less sensitive to quantum and self-polarization corrections, are able to replace the usual reliance on the heat of vaporization as experimental reference data for
fitting force field models of molecular liquids. To test this hypothesis we develop the
fitting protocol necessary to utilize surface tension measurements in the ForceBalance
optimization procedure in order to determine revised parameters for both three-point
and four-point water models, TIP3P-ST and TIP4P-ST. We find that the incorporation of surface tension in the fit results in a rigid three-point model that reproduces
the correct temperature of maximum density of water for the first time, but also leads
to over-structuring of the liquid and less accurate transport properties. The rigid
four-point TIP4P-ST model is highly accurate for a broad range of thermodynamic
and kinetic properties, with similar performance compared to recently developed four-
point water models. The results show surface tension to be a useful fitting property in general, especially when self-polarization corrections or nuclear quantum corrections
are not readily available for correcting the heat of vaporization as is the case for other
molecular liquids. </p>
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