On the 75th anniversary of academic research and the 60th anniversary of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova

The paper presents a retrospective of events and memories of the formation and development of academic research in the field of physical and technical sciences in Moldova, such as the main stages of the creation of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, memorable anniversaries, individual meetings with presidents, as well as the way covered by the Institute of Applied Physics from determination of the topics range, of the concept of combining fundamental and applied research, of the status of the Institutes, of staff training to the ensuring of the practical application of the results obtained, to the setting up of an experimental production base, to the launching of the journal "Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov/Sufrace Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry". Certain General Meetings of the Sections and of the Academy of Sciences, conferences, visits of presidents and heads of the Academies of Sciences of various countries, delegations of scientists, cosmonauts, specialists, anniversaries and memorable meetings are considered. Some aspects of expanding international scientific cooperation, of reforming research, of increasing its effectiveness are discussed. The need for further consolidation of the scientific community, of opportunities for innovative activities, in accordance with the high requirements and ideals of science is also emphasized.

Reactions in non-aqueous alkali and alkaline-earth metal-oxygen batteries: a thermodynamic study

Multivalent aprotic metal-oxygen batteries are a novel concept in the applied electrochemistry field. These systems are variants of the so-called Li-air batteries and up to present are in their research...

Boris S. Jacobi

185 years ago, in 1834 the first really working and sufficiently powerful electric motor was assembled by the young scientist, Moritz Herman von Jacobi in Königsberg (now Russian city of Kaliningrad). The article is dedicated to the life and scientific achievements of the scientist who became known under the name of Boris Jacobi after he moved to Russia and took the Russian first name. His merits, in particular, include development of a method of electroplating, that laid foundation for the entire field of applied electrochemistry. It’s worth noting that the scientist revealed the results of the study in publicly available, or, in modern terms, open access publication. Jacobi worked in different fields. He invented a series of devices to measure electric resistance , called by him voltagometer (rheochord, or slide-wire). His research activities were also successful in the field of telegraphy, he invented synchronously acting telegraph device with direct (without further decoding) indication of the letters and numbers at the receiver and first ev er letter-printing telegraph device, he administered the project of construction of first cable lines in St. Petersburg and between St. Petersburg and Tsarskoe selo (Emperors’ residence). Jacobi developed galvanic batteries, anti-ship mines of new type, initiated creation of galvanic teams within pioneer units of the Russian army. Boris Jacobi initiated and managed unitage, establishment of metric system, and of weight and measure standards in Russia. Thanks to numerous scientific achievements Jacobi received well-deserved recognition of his contemporaries.