Sport and physical activity after stoma surgery: a survey of patient experiences

Background: Physical activity accelerates recovery from stoma surgery and enhances overall physical and mental wellbeing. Stoma care nurses and enterostomal therapists should guide ostomates to safely and confidently take part in sporting activities and to perform exercises that improve their core abdominal strength, to prevent prolapse or parastomal herniation. Method: An observational study was undertaken to assess barriers related to sport with a stoma, as well as how to overcome them. This used a mixed-methods online questionnaire, created ad-hoc, based on an analysis of existing literature. A convenience sample of Italian ostomates (with a colostomy, ileostomy and/or urostomy) was recruited through peer support groups. Results: A majority of ostomates still engaged in sport, although most had considered giving up. More than half (58%) did not think their stoma significantly affected their physical activity. Less than a quarter (24%) changed the type of sport they played after their operation. The most popular activities were swimming, walking/hiking, cycling and running. Over half (57%) felt they had not received information on sport with a stoma from a healthcare professional, and 88% believed more thorough patient education was needed. Conclusions: With holistic professional support, ostomates can take control of their lives and overcome the challenges of managing a stoma during physical activity. By guiding patients to start slowly and gradually build up their strength, they can be safely set on the path to a new life.