A New Radio-Frequency Acoustic Method for Remote Study of Liquids

In the present work, a novel conductive liquids method of study has been proposed. It is based on the phenomenon of radiofrequency anisotropy of electrolyte solution discovered by us. It arises in response to mechanical or acoustic excitation of the solution. We have observed the phenomenon during the development of an RF polarimetric contactless cardiograph. The electric field vector of the transmitted 433.82 MHz signal rotated after its transition through the pericardial region. That rotation depends on the change of blood acceleration when passing through the chambers of the heart and large vessels. It has also been revealed that rotation occurs after RF wave passage through the physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) subjected to any mechanical excitation inside it like a jet appearing or soundwave passing. No significant difference was detected experimentally between NaCl and KCl solutions behavior. It means that the mechanism of hydrodynamic separation of ions is apparently not suitable to explain the phenomenon. The response we have registered resembles the magnetization process of spin glasses. From the nature of the observed response, we have concluded that a fundamentally new physical effect is discovered. It may provide wide opportunities for remote measurement of the electrolyte solution parameters with polarized radio-frequency signals.

A New Radio-Frequency Acoustic Method for Remote Study of Liquids

In the present work a new method of study of liquids has been proposed. It is based on phenomenon of radio frequency anisotropy of electrolyte solution discovered by us. It arises because of mechanical or acoustic excitation of the solution. We were observing the phenomenon during the development process of RF polarimetric contactless cardiograhpy. The electric field vector of transmitted 433.82 MHz signal becomes rotated after its transition through the pericardial region. That rotation depends on change of blood acceleration when passing through the chambers of the heart and large vessels. It has also been revealed that rotation occurs after RF wave passage through the physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) subjected to any mechanical excitation inside it like a jet appearing or soundwave passing. No significant difference was detected experimentally between NaCl and KCl solutions behaviour. It means that the mechanism of hydrodynamic separation of ions is apparently not suitable to explain the phenomenon. The response we have registered most likely resembles the magnetization process of spin glasses. From the nature of the response observed we have concluded that a fundamentally new physical effect is discovered. It may provide wide opportunities for remote measurement of the electrolyte solutions parameters using polarized radio-frequency signals.

Hydrodynamic justification of the movement of microorganisms in deep regions of the periodontal

Relevance. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the efforts of doctors seeking to minimize damage that occur against the background of infectious load and deformation of periodontal tissues do not lead to a decrease in the prevalence and intensity of periodontitis. At present, it is not known how the kinetics of microorganisms increases to the semen, allowing it to overcome the pressure of the gingival fluid that is filtered through periodontal fibers.Purpose. Since infection plays the main role in the occurrence and development of periodontitis, the aim of the work is to search for hydrodynamic mechanisms that complement the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis and explain the difficulties of its treatment.Materials and methods. The article discusses the existence of biota in film – static and plankton – dynamic forms. As a result of a review of literature data, it is proved that the transition of biota from one form to another is determined by a wide range of factors, the most relevant of which is the quality of the environment. Staying in a biota habitat optimal for life, it transforms into a planktonic form of existence, which allows it to colonize the deeper sections of the periodontium. Colonization of surfaces is possible by diffusion, i.e. leveling the concentration of microorganisms in available volumes of biological fluids. This aspect of the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases is called “hydrodynamic”. Separation of the hydrodynamic aspect allows us to consider the pressure gradient in the volume of the gingival sulcus as a factor determining the direction of filtration of biological fluids.Results. It was not possible to identify well known hydrodynamic mechanisms, that explain the possibility of microorganisms reaching the deep parts of the periodontium.Conclusion. The article presents arguments showing that biological laws linking the quality of the environment with the dynamics of increasing population numbers do not work in the area of the periodontal sulcus, or their action is blocked by laws of a different nature. Discussing the planktonic (dynamic) form of the existence of biota, based on the laws of hydrodynamics, taking into account the type of tooth movement, it becomes possible to substantiate the hydrodynamic mechanism of reaching the deep departments of periodontal biota, to clarify preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the incidence of periodontal diseases.

Measuring molecular interactions in solution using multi-wavelength analytical ultracentrifugation: combining spectral analysis with hydrodynamics

In 1926, the Swedish scientist Theodor Svedberg was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on a disperse system, and for studying the colloidal properties of proteins. This work was, to a large extent, made possible by his invention of a revolutionary tool, the analytical ultracentrifuge. These days, technological advances in hardware and computing have transformed the field of analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) by enabling entirely new classes of experiments and modes of measurement unimaginable by Svedberg, making AUC once again an indispensable tool for modern biomedical research. In this article these advances and their impact on studies of interacting molecules will be discussed, with particular emphasis on a new method termed multi-wavelength analytical ultracentrifugation (MWL-AUC). Novel detectors allow us to add a second dimension to the separation of disperse and heterogeneous systems: in addition to the traditional hydrodynamic separation of colloidal mixtures, it is now possible to identify the sedimenting molecules by their spectral absorbance properties. The potential for this advance is significant for the study of a large range of systems. A further advance has occurred in data management and computational capabilities, opening doors to improved analysis methods, as well as direct networking with the instrument, facilitating data acquisition and data handling, and significant increases in data density from faster detectors with higher resolution capability.