electrolyte solution
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The Analyst ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwen Liu ◽  
Ziqi Liang ◽  
Yuanyu Wang ◽  
Jun Cao ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract: Sensing the electrolyte solution or aqueous-organic mixture has great interest to chemical separation, pharmaceutical engineering, bioprocess and biochemical experiments etc. However, rare report was presented on online contactless sensor...


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Blankenship ◽  
Stefanie Davis ◽  
Mangilal Agarwal

Graphene is one of the most commonly researched materials in nanoscience and finding a cheap and efficient method to manufacture it is highly desirable because of its incredible properties. Electrochemical exfoliation involves splitting graphite into graphene by soaking the foil in an electrolyte solution and then providing an electric current. This paper evaluates the extent to which the sulphate electrolyte used in the electrochemical exfoliation process affects the electrical resistance of films created using flakes generated from the reaction. Using the method and conducting an ANOVA test with Tukey HSD Post-Hoc test on the resultant data provides significant and varied results when concerning the electrolyte variety. This implies that changing the quality and speed of the electrolyte reaction has a definitive effect on the resistance of composite films created out of graphene flakes produced from the reaction.


Author(s):  
Izabela Cieszykowska ◽  
Katarzyna Jerzyk ◽  
Małgorzata Żółtowska ◽  
Tomasz Janiak ◽  
Grażyna Birnbaum

AbstractElectrochemical dissolution of pressed into discs and sintered metallic molybdenum powder with the mass of 712 ± 10 mg (n = 15) in potassium hydroxide solution was studied in detail. The technique was considered to apply for dissolution of irradiated 100Mo target in the 99mTc production. The effect of various parameters, e.g., the concentration of the electrolyte solution, temperature, current density, and surface area of the platinum cathode, was investigated. The shortest time for total dissolution of molybdenum target was 70 min. This result was achieved using an electrolyte solution of 5 M KOH, temperature 55 °C and the current density of 365 mA/cm2.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q X Liu ◽  
Q P Tian ◽  
X Y Ye ◽  
F R Liu ◽  
H M Yuan ◽  
...  

Palladium/nickel-foam (Pd/Ni) electrode is used as a typical efficient electrocatalytic electrode for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in surface water and industrial wastewater. Many researches had reported how to enhance the dechlorination efficiency of the Pd/Ni electrode by using less Pd loading. However, there are few reports of choosing a suitable electrolyte solution to improve the efficiency of dechlorination. Efforts were made in this work of the different catholyte influenced the dechlorination efficiency. The results showed the fastest removal efficiency of 2,4-D in 34 mmol/L NaHCO3 than in 34 mmol/L NaCl, 34 mmol/L NaClO4, 17 mmol/L Na2SO4 catholyte, respectively on Pd/Ni electrode with pd loading of 0.202 mg/cm2 at constant potential of -0.55 V (vs saturated calomel electrode). The dechlorination current efficiency (CE) was 20.5% in the 34 mmol/L NaHCO3 catholyte more than three times that in 17 mmol/L Na2SO4 catholyte for that HCO3- was the most likely source of protons for adsorbed active hydrogen (H*) in Pd active centers.


2021 ◽  
pp. 106601
Author(s):  
P.F.V. Pereira ◽  
F.T.N.M.A. Romão ◽  
J.M. Curti ◽  
S.L.O. Camilo ◽  
K.K.M.C. Flaiban ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Ladislav Kavan ◽  
Monika Vinarcikova ◽  
Magda Zlámalová ◽  
Marketa Zukalova

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to study novel cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries, based on commercial carbon and titania. Coin cells with Li anode are investigated at various stages of galvanostatic cycling. For comparison, also symmetrical coin cells with a pair of positive (S/C/TiO2) or negative (Li) electrodes are studied. In addition to the application of titania as a barrier material impeding the polysulfide diffusion in the electrolyte solution, the inherent Li-insertion activity of TiO2 (anatase) and its contribution to the sulfur redox reactions is discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Rifat Abdurahman ◽  
Rahma Eliza ◽  
Agus Manggala ◽  
Aisyah Suci Ningsih ◽  
Sahrul Effendy A

Pengembangan energi terbarukan menjadi fokus perhatian saat ini penggunaan sumber energi yang ramah lingkungan dan zero emission dengan pemanfaatan air untuk prosess pembuatan hidrogen melalui proses elektrolisis. Hidrogen adalah gas ringan (lebih ringan dari udara), tidak berwarna dan tidak berbau, jika terbakar tidak menunjukkan adanya nyala dan akan menghasilkan panas yang sangat tinggi, sehingga hidrogen mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh luas penampang dan  konsentrasi larutan elektrolit dengan variasi suplai arus listrik terhadap produksi gas hidrogen dengan metode  elektrolisis. Larutan elektrolit yang digunakan adalah larutan air garam (NaCl) dengan berlandaskan pada kadar salinitas air laut.  Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan membuktikan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi larutan elektrolit , semakin besar luas penampang dan semakin tinggi arus yang disuplai maka volume gas yang dihasilkan akan semakin banyak. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu volume gas H2 tertinggi pada konsentrasi salinitas 35 ppt , elektroda ukuran 0,5 in dan kuat arus 35 ampere sebesar 2,118693 liter gas H2 dalam waktu 120 detik. efisiensi tertinggi didapat pada ukuran elektroda 2,0 in ,salinitas 35 ppt dengan kuat arus 15 ampere nilai yang didapat 99,16% dan daya tertinggi dicapai pada 406 watt pada ukuran elektroda 2,0 in, salinitas 35 ppt pada kuat arus 35 ampere   The development of renewable energy is currently the focus of attention on the use of environmentally friendly energy sources and zero emission by utilizing water for the hydrogen production process through the electrolysis process. Hydrogen is a light gas (lighter than air), colorless and odorless, if it burns it does not show a flame and will produce very high heat, so hydrogen has enormous potential to be developed as an alternative energy source. This study aims to analyze the effect of cross-sectional area and concentration of electrolyte solution with variations in the supply of electric current to the production of hydrogen gas by electrolysis method. The electrolyte solution used is a salt water solution (NaCl) based on the salinity of seawater. Based on the research that has been done, it is proven that the higher the concentration of the electrolyte solution, the greater the cross-sectional area and the higher the current supplied, the more gas volume will be produced. The result obtained is the highest H2 gas volume at salinity concentration of 35 ppt, electrode size of 0.5 inchi and current strength of 35 ampere of 2.118693 liters of H2 gas in 120 seconds. the highest efficiency is obtained at the electrode size of 2.0 inchi ,salinity 35 ppt with a current strength of 15 ampere the value obtained 99.16% and the highest power achieved at 406 Watts at the electrode size of 2.0 inchi, salinity 35 ppt at the current strength of 35 ampere


Author(s):  
Silvana García ◽  
Noelia Zurita

Comparative analysis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) obtained by electrodeposition on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrates from different supporting electrolytes containing sulphate anions, was performed. Voltammetric results indicated that Cu electrodeposition follows a diffusion-controlled nucleation and crystal growth model for three solutions studied (Na2SO4, H2SO4 and Na2SO4+H2SO4). Na2SO4 solution was found to be most effective because the copper reduction occurs at most positive potential value, reaching the highest current density. Analysis of potentiostatic current transients revealed that the process can be described predominantly by a model involving 3D-progressive nucleation mechanism, which was corroborated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. SEM images showed high density of hemispherical shaped Cu particles of different sizes (mostly between 80-150 nm), randomly distributed on the HOPG surface for Na2SO4 electrolyte solution. In the presence of H2SO4, the size dispersion decreased, resulting in particles with greater diameters (up to 339 nm). The use of electrolyte solution with Na2SO4+H2SO4 revealed lower particle density with a considerable crystal size dispersion, where very small crystallites are prevailing. Cyclic voltammetry was used to evaluate qualitatively the catalytic activity of CuNPs deposited from three electrolyte solutions towards the nitrate reduction reaction. An enhanced catalytic effect was obtained when copper particles were prepared from either Na2SO4 or H2SO4 supporting electrolytes.


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