Supramolecular phthalocyanine assemblies — a Linstead Career Award paper

In this review I summarize our attempts to prepare supramolecular assemblies from phthalocyanine dyes, the objective being to design functional materials that have specific properties, [Formula: see text] electron conduction. We explore several supramolecular methods to achieve phthalocyanine assembly, [Formula: see text] by attaching crown ethers to the phthalocyanine rings and combining these with alkali metal ions, by providing them with long aliphatic tails, and by using aided assembly techniques such as wetting-dewetting interactions on surfaces. Also, chirality has been applied as a tool to produce new self-assembled structures. In our studies we focus on the electron conducting properties of the molecular materials and on their use as alignment layers for the fabrication of liquid-crystal displays.

Problems and solutions in colors, dyes and pigments chemistry: A Review

This paper review is recommended for undergraduate students, graduate students, chemists, dyestuffs and colorists. They will find it interesting, informative and very readable. Several multi choice problems and their solutions in the basics and fundamentals of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry were represented in this paper review. Reviewing the basic information, fundamental understanding, principles and or the knowledge of colors, dyes and pigments chemistry via multi choice problems and their solutions is interesting type of reviewing and can be used as an excellent tool for measuring and or test the deep understanding of undergraduate and graduate students for colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. The paper includes, contains and or covers topics like, the relation between color and constitution and or Witt's theory, fibers, definitions for dyes and pigments and other definitions and vital informations in color, dyes and pigments chemistry. The paper also involves synthesis, properties, classifications and uses of many aromatic and or heterocyclic dyes. Such dyes, like nitro dyes, nitroso dyes, azo dyes, diarylmethane dyes, triarylmethane dyes, anthraquinone dyes, cyanine dyes, azine dyes, phthaleine dyes, indigoid dyes, acridine dyes, xanthen dyes and phthalocyanine dyes. This paper review acts as a mordant and or stabilizers for some of the basic informations, principles and or the knowledge in colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. It is valuable both for getting an overview in the field of color, dyes and pigments chemistry and as a mine of information for the dyestuff chemists. This paper review can be valuable in domestic and international chemistry forum as general and particularly, in colors, dyes and pigments chemistry. Besides, this paper review can be printed and used as a thesis and or as a note book students learning and lectures. Also, it is can be used in students examinations tests in chemistry departments and or chemistry institutions of any domestic and or international university.

Role of hexyloxy groups in zinc phthalocyanines bearing sulfonic acid anchoring groups for dye-sensitized solar cells

Zinc phthalocyanine dyes bearing four sulfonic acid anchoring groups with (A-ZnPc) and without (H-ZnPc) four chloro and eight hexyloxy groups were used as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dyes were investigated in terms of their optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties. The presence of these groups in dye A-ZnPc resulted in both red-shifted absorption and decreased dye aggregation, which are beneficial for the improvement of device performance. In the presence of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as a coadsorbent, the DSSC based on H-ZnPc shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.96%, which is improved by [Formula: see text]40% as compared to the device without CDCA. However, the PCE of an A-ZnPc-based device with CDCA slightly enhances from 1.15% (without CDCA) to 1.22%, indicating that the bulky hexyloxy groups with large steric hindrance can effectively suppress aggregation of the adsorbed dye. The results showed that the zinc phthalocyanine dye bearing bulky hexyloxy groups is a promising candidate to construct efficient coadsorbent-free DSSCs.