Polymer and Geocomposite Impervious Screen Reliability Assessment

The article examines the operational reliability and technical efficiency assessment of polymer (geomembranes) and geocomposite (bentonite mats) impervious channel coating developed designs. Criteria for impervious channel screen reliability and technical efficiency are proposed based on the domestic and foreign experience generalization in the composite materials use and conducted efficiency studies in terms of water permeability, strength, efficiency, and durability. Two options of developed highly efficient structures for polymer and geocomposite channel linings are presented. The graph of change in screen failure-free operation probability was obtained based on the impervious screen failure-free operation probability calculation results, depending on the survey areas and the failure amount.

IMPACT ANALYSIS OF WASTE PONDS ON SURFACE AND UNDERGROUND WATER (REVIEW)

Purpose: analysis of the impact of industrial waste storage facilities on surface and underground water supply sources. Materials and methods: according to the data of Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources, an annual significant increase in the volume of generated and stored waste was determined. One of the global problems associated with the impact of waste ponds on the environment is the contaminated filtrate formed in its body. As a rule, the absence of proper waterproofing at the basis of storage ponds of various purposes leads to contamination of ground and surface water supply sources, soil and adjacent territories. Previous measures aimed at the construction of a “clay castle” with a thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 m are insufficiently effective, and the polymer films used in the base of the storage ponds were characterized by rapid damage and low durability. Results: the analysis and review of the studies carried out by various authors showed that to reduce the pollution of surface and ground waters with harmful substances during the waste ponds operation, a set of measures to prevent the penetration of polluting components into water bodies should be taken. Conclusions: to prevent contamination of surface and groundwater sources at the base of the reservoir, it is necessary to use impervious and drainage facilities, which allow to eliminate the flow of contaminated leachate into the soil and underlying beds in advance. The impervious screen and a drainage system facility of modern geosynthetic materials (for example, three-layer drainage mats combined with impervious geomembranes and geotextiles) will not only effectively remove contaminated filtrate from the waste ponds, but also reduce the flow of pollutants into the aquifers.

ESTIMATION OF EFFICIENCY OF IMPERVIOUS SCREEN AT THE DON MAIN CHANNEL

The article gives an evaluation of the effi ciency of the Don main canal impervious screen, fi eld observation on the canal section before and after reconstruction are carried out. To estimate the eff ectiveness of the impervious measure, comparative calculations are carried out for the canal section before the reconstruction (in the earthen channel) and after it (with facing from geocomposite bentonite mats), conclusions are drawn and recommendations for channel operation are made.