Toxic element concentrations in lichen Platismatia interrupta around the geothermal power station on Kunashir Island

The results of the study of the gross content of 14 chemical elements in lichen Platismatia interrupta collected around the geothermal power station “Mendeleevskaya” on Kunashir Island are presented. The highest exceedance was noted for As in the research area. The gross content of As varies from 0.8–2.6 mg/kg in control areas and up to 5–9 mg/kg in the impact zone, i.e. the maximum excess in lichen is noted by 11.6 times. For other elements, there were no strong exceedances in the impact zone compared to the control areas. According to the results of regression analysis, a statistically reliable inverse exponential relationship between the content of As and the distance to the power station (adjusted R2: 0.86, p-value: 0.001) is traced. The average value of the enrichment coefficient for As exceeds 100, which indicates the non-substrate origin of this element.

The Geology, Mineralogy and Geothermometry of the Broadlands Geothermal Field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

<p>Following the commissioning of the Wairakei geothermal power station, several areas in the Rotorua-Taupo Volcanic Zone were investigated for their power-producing potential. One of these was the Broadlands district, where a resistivity survey had located a sizeable area of subsurface water. The first hole, east of the Waikato River (Fig. 2), was drilled in late 1965, but although the temperature at hole bottom is 278 degrees, rock permeability is low and the bore is a poor steam producer. However, further drillholes (Br 2, 3 and 4) in the Ohaki area tapped good supplies of high temperature water and prompted a fullscale scientific and exploratory drilling programme. This was completed in mid-1971 after 25 holes had been drilled and it was estimated that the field could produce about 150 megawatts of electricity.</p>

The Geology, Mineralogy and Geothermometry of the Broadlands Geothermal Field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand

<p>Following the commissioning of the Wairakei geothermal power station, several areas in the Rotorua-Taupo Volcanic Zone were investigated for their power-producing potential. One of these was the Broadlands district, where a resistivity survey had located a sizeable area of subsurface water. The first hole, east of the Waikato River (Fig. 2), was drilled in late 1965, but although the temperature at hole bottom is 278 degrees, rock permeability is low and the bore is a poor steam producer. However, further drillholes (Br 2, 3 and 4) in the Ohaki area tapped good supplies of high temperature water and prompted a fullscale scientific and exploratory drilling programme. This was completed in mid-1971 after 25 holes had been drilled and it was estimated that the field could produce about 150 megawatts of electricity.</p>