Creating Costumer Value in Corporate Social Responsibility for Cultural Heritage

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is described as companies' voluntary practices on social and environmental issues. It is employed as a PR activity which also gives consumers a positive company image and provides sustainability and profit increase for the benefit of the company. Namely, consumers become one of the crucial parties that companies deal with because the view is that consumers are prone to buy products produced by the companies with CSR. However, consumers should perceive an added value for themselves provided by these products. At this point, subject of CSR is important to create this added value and cultural product may be a good issue which customers may feel good to be involved. In other words, the more companies benefit from valorization of cultural products in the context of CSR, the more consumers perceive added value for themselves. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview the relationships among CSR, cultural product, and customer value.

Biometrics

It is important to know that absolute security does not exist, and the main goal of the security system is to reach an optimal approach that satisfies the customer requirements. Biometrics is a small part of the security system that aims to replace a traditional password or a key. Biometrics offer higher security levels by simply ensuring that only the authorized people have access to sensitive data. It is easy to copy or get a traditional password using different methods (legal or illegal), but it is difficult to copy a key of biometric pattern such as iris or fingerprint or other patterns. Recent years have seen a boom in the use of biometric techniques in the design of modern equipment to maintain the information and personal identification. This chapter focuses on biometrics (types and technologies), personal identification, and specifications, and then how to implement these performances in security. Finally, a future aspect of merging technologies and disciplines is a good issue to treat via a specific concentration of information technology. In this chapter, two approached are proposed: a novel thinning algorithm for fingerprint recognition and a novel e-passport based on personal identification.

Coherent Flame Model to Predict Formation Pollutants in Turbulent Premixed Flame

The objective of this work is to analyze and to model the turbulent flames in the context of coherent flame model. We present a detailed description of equations and the flamelet regimes in turbulent premixed flame. A surface density models proposed here represents a good issue for numerical simulation. Extension of coherent flame model and homogenous stilled reactor model is proposed to consider the dynamics behavior of flame and pollutants formation. From the results of this work it is concluded that the coherent flame model allows surpassing difficulties of the turbulent reactive flow modeling. Calculations based on a semi-global kinetic scheme and flamelet formulation combined with a well stirred reactor analysis of the burnt gases are used and provided reasonably accurate values of CO and NO formation. Also, we have observed that CO is formed near the reaction zone (front flame) but emission of CO2, H2O and NO are formed in the hot gases.