Lipase-catalyzed esterification in water enabled by nanomicelles. Applications to 1-pot multi-step sequences

Esterification in an aqueous micellar medium is catalyzed by a commercially available lipase in the absence of any co-factors. The presence of only 2 wt % designer surfactant, TPGS-750-M, assists...

Synthesis of 2-Substitued Indoles via Pd-Catalysed Cyclization in an Aqueous Micellar Medium

The synthesis of 2-substituted indoles starting from the corresponding unprotected 2-alkynylanilines was made possible in 3% TPGS-750-M water using Pd(OAc)2 alone as the catalyst. The reaction was sensitive to the heating mode respect to the nature of the starting material as, in many cases, convectional heating was better than microwave dielectric heating. The MW (microwave) delivery mode had also an influence in the formation of by-products and, consequently, product yields. A tandem Sonogashira-cyclisation reaction was also accomplished using Pd(OAc)2/Xphos in the nanomicellar water environment.

Iron- and Zinc-Mediated Reductive Coupling of Styrenes and Alkyl Bromides: Mechanistic Investigation using DFT Calculations

An efficient and practical method for the reductive coupling of 4-t-butylstyrene and (3-bromopropoxy)benzene in the presence of Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 and Zn in an aqueous micellar medium was developed. Density functional theory...

N2Phos – an easily made, highly effective ligand designed for ppm level Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross couplings in water

A new, biaryl phosphine-containing ligand, N2Phos, forms a 1 : 1 complex with Pd resulting in an active catalyst at the ppm level for Suzuki–Miyaura couplings in water, enabled by an aqueous micellar medium. Notably, aryl chlorides are shown to be amenable substrates.

Photo-Fries rearrangement in flow under aqueous micellar conditions

A combination of an aqueous micellar medium and a flow reactor provides a green approach for refining the classic photo-Fries rearrangement.

A new, substituted palladacycle for ppm level Pd-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross couplings in water

A newly engineered palladacycle that contains substituents on the biphenyl rings along with the ligand HandaPhos is especially well-matched to an aqueous micellar medium, enabling valued Suzuki–Miyaura couplings to be run not only in water under mild conditions, but at 300 ppm of Pd catalyst.