HIGH ENTROPY ALLOWS A BETTER AFFINITY BETWEEN METAL IONS AND ACTIVATED CARBON FIBRES

Recent numerical approaches to extracting metal species using carbonaceous materials have de facto stimulated an interest in the field of microextraction, but theoretical observations inspired by randomness changes have been elusive. In this contribution, we present the degree of randomness using Cu (II) and Pb (II). Here, activated carbon fibres were employed as the skeleton adsorbent, providing scientific insights via the aqueous phase. Coupled isotherms of Langmuir and Freundlich were represented to unravel the aforementioned thermodynamics. Findings revealed that the Langmuir isotherm best described the equilibrium state and the trend was in accordance with the energy computation. The maximum microextraction performance was 84.75 mg/g and 102.04 mg/g for Cu (II) and Pb (II), respectively. Under all circumstances, there was a high randomness change as the microextraction performance increased.

Wireless steerable vision for live insects and insect-scale robots

Vision serves as an essential sensory input for insects but consumes substantial energy resources. The cost to support sensitive photoreceptors has led many insects to develop high visual acuity in only small retinal regions and evolve to move their visual systems independent of their bodies through head motion. By understanding the trade-offs made by insect vision systems in nature, we can design better vision systems for insect-scale robotics in a way that balances energy, computation, and mass. Here, we report a fully wireless, power-autonomous, mechanically steerable vision system that imitates head motion in a form factor small enough to mount on the back of a live beetle or a similarly sized terrestrial robot. Our electronics and actuator weigh 248 milligrams and can steer the camera over 60° based on commands from a smartphone. The camera streams “first person” 160 pixels–by–120 pixels monochrome video at 1 to 5 frames per second (fps) to a Bluetooth radio from up to 120 meters away. We mounted this vision system on two species of freely walking live beetles, demonstrating that triggering image capture using an onboard accelerometer achieves operational times of up to 6 hours with a 10–milliamp hour battery. We also built a small, terrestrial robot (1.6 centimeters by 2 centimeters) that can move at up to 3.5 centimeters per second, support vision, and operate for 63 to 260 minutes. Our results demonstrate that steerable vision can enable object tracking and wide-angle views for 26 to 84 times lower energy than moving the whole robot.