KOMPARASI MORFOLOGI BEBERAPA KOLONI JAMUR AKAR PUTIH (Rigidoporus microporus) DARI PERKEBUNAN KARET DI JAWA TENGAH DAN SUMATERA SELATAN

Rigidoporus microporus adalah jamur yang menyebabkan penyakit jamur akar putih (JAP) pada tanaman karet. Tingkat keparahan penyakit yang ditimbulkan oleh JAP berbeda antar wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komparasi morfologi beberapa koloni jamur akar putih dari perkebunan karet di Jawa Tengah dan Sumatera Selatan. Sampel dikoleksi langsung dari perkebunan Merbuh dan Blimbing di Jawa Tengah dan Balai Penelitian Karet Sembawa di Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2016-April 2017 di Laboratorium Carotenoid Antioxidant Research Center (CARC) Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan pertumbuhan ke-17 isolat berdasar penambahan diameter koloni hingga mencapai tepi petri bervariasi yaitu 4 hari (MB8), 6 hari (MM6), 7 hari (MK2, MK3, SS1), 8 hari (MK1, MM5, MM7, SS2, SS3), 9 hari (BW1, SS5), 10 hari (MK4, BW4, SS4), 11 hari (BW2), dan 13 hari (BB3). Morfologi koloni dan hifa JAP baik dari Jawa Tengah maupun Sumatera Selatan hampir sama, yakni koloni berbentuk bulat, filamentous, elevasi ada yang rata (flat) dan ada yang sedikit timbul (raised), serta berwarna putih hingga putih gading. Hifa JAP memiliki septa, hialin, bercabang, dan tidak ada clamp connection.

KARAKTERISTIK AKAR BEREKTOMIKORIZA PADA Shorea pinanga, Pinus merkusii DAN Gnetum gnemon

Morphology and anatomy characteristics often used to identify ectomycorrhizal fungi. We used three Scleroderma spp. (Scleroderma columnare, S. dictyosporum), and S. sinnamariense) and inoculated to Shorea pinanga, Pinus merkusii, and Gnetum gnemon. After 6,8, and 10 months, each root tips were collected to determined hyphae colour, branching pattern, clamp-connection, hartig net and mantle. This result revealed that S. sinnamariense did not form association with S. pinanga and P. merkusii but form association with G. gnemon. On the other hand, S. columnare and S. dictyosporum could form association with all the host plants. S. columnare and S. dictyosporum formed white hyphae while S. sinnamariense formed yellow hyphae with monopodial branching pattern. The depth of hartig net and mantle was increased by timed. Key words: ectomycorrhizal fungi, hartig net, mantle, Scleroderma

VII.—Nuclear Phenomena in Marasmius androsaceus (L. ex Fr.) Fr. and M. rotula (Scop. ex Fr.) Fr.

SynopsisDividing and non-dividing nuclei in the hyphæ of M. androsaceus and M. rotula, grown by means of agar- and cellophane-film techniques, were examined alive with phase contrast and also after various fixation and staining procedures. The division was compared with that of the nuclei found in the ultimate clamp connection, i.e. that found, associated with the developing basidium, and with the divisions of the single diploid nucleus in the mature basidium. The end products of all the hyphal divisions are the same as in organisms having a conventional mitosis but some of the steps by which this is achieved are unusual, notably the arrangement of the chromatin as a figure of eight, the twisting of one of the loops so formed above the other to create two rings and the opening of these rings in such a way that the two rods which, ultimately separate each correspond with the chromosome complement of a daughter nucleus. The first division of the diploid nucleus in the basidium is noteworthy for the linking together, in late prophase, of the four chromosomes. This division is followed by a distinct interphase in which nucleoli reappear. The second division shares the peculiarities of the division in the ultimate clamp.

THE OIDIA OF PSILOCYBE COPROPHILA AND THE PAIRING REACTIONS OF MONOSPOROUS MYCELIA

By isolating thirty monosporous mycelia and pairing them, the agaric Psilocybe coprophila Fr. has been shown to be heterothallic and bipolar, confirming the report of Miss Kathryn Gilmore (1926). Contrary to the statement of Miss Gilmore, no oidia were found on the diploid mycelia although they are abundant on the haplophytes. The diplophytes are frequently "impure", hyphae devoid of clamp connections and are found intermingled with hyphae bearing clamp connections. The possibility of the clamp-connection-free hyphae being haploid and of the development of oidia on these haploid hyphae is suggested as an explanation of the statement of Miss Gilmore that oidia occur on the diplophyte of this fungus.No mutual repulsion between haploid mycelia was observed. This is negative evidence in support of the prediction of Vandendries and Brodie that their barrage phenomenon would not be found in bipolar but only in tetrapolar hymenomycetes.