Konversi Empiris Summary Magnitude, Local Magnitude, Body-Wave Magnitude, Surface Magnitude, dan Moment Magnitude Menggunakan Data Gempabumi 1922-2020 di Nusa Tenggara Barat

The existence of magnitude type variation from existing earthquake catalogue sources show that uniforming process is necessary. Beside that these type of magnitude will saturates in certain value, which are different with moment magnitude (Mw) which is not saturated and can describe earthquake process better. Our research initially did compatibility test between summary magnitude which is largely used by BMKG with other magnitude type. Furthermore, the purpose of our research is determination of empirical relation between magnitude type summary magnitude (M), local magnitude (ML), body-wave magnitude (mb), dan surface magnitude (Ms) which are usually used by earthquake catalogues to Mw. Method used in this research is linear regression using data set from BMKG, ISC-EHB, USGS, and Global CMT catalogues with are limited in West Nusa Tenggara and surrounding area. Data used in this research contains of 24.703 earthquake events during period May 9th 1922 until June 27th 2020. The result of this research shows there was good relation between M magnitude type with others magnitude type. Our research also found a conversion formula of M, ML, MLv, mb, and Ms to Mw with well-defined correlation.

Methods of post disaster accommodation in terms of project management; case of Isparta

There are many faults in Turkey and %93 percent of land, %98 percent of population, %98 percent of industrial area, %95 percent of dams in Turkey carry the earthquake risks. Turkey has encountered with many earthquakes and obtained lessons learned to improve the process of project with respect to supporting rapid accommodation, health, education and any other requirements. Studies have been revealed that after earthquake, three stages have been applied namely, Emergency Stage, Rehabilitation Stage, Reconstruction Stage to help the victims. According to Project Management Institute (PMI), Project Management Process Group (PMPG) consists of initiation, planning, execution, controlling & monitoring and closing. Applying these stages are vital to provide support according to plan. To understand importance of this process group, witness’ comments are evaluated, and defined bottleneck throughout providing support. Moreover, efficiency and productivity shall be measured in order to ensure being within time and budget. In this study, after earthquake process is studied in terms of project management. Results are discussed and lessons learned are obtained in order to take measurement associated with post disaster for Isparta- Burdur zone located in the mid-west of Mediterranean, Turkey.

The Earth as a living planet: human-type diseases in the earthquake preparation process

The new field of complex systems supports the view that a number of systems arising from disciplines as diverse as physics, biology, engineering, and economics may have certain quantitative features that are intriguingly similar. The Earth is a living planet where many complex systems run perfectly without stopping at all. The earthquake generation is a fundamental sign that the Earth is a living planet. Recently, analyses have shown that human-brain-type disease appears during the earthquake generation process. Herein, we show that human-heart-type disease appears during the earthquake preparation of the earthquake process. The investigation is mainly attempted by means of critical phenomena, which have been proposed as the likely paradigm to explain the origins of both heart electric fluctuations and fracture-induced electromagnetic fluctuations. We show that a time window of the damage evolution within the heterogeneous Earth's crust and the healthy heart's electrical action present the characteristic features of the critical point of a thermal second-order phase transition. A dramatic breakdown of critical characteristics appears in the tail of the fracture process of heterogeneous system and the injured heart's electrical action. Analyses by means of Hurst exponent and wavelet decomposition further support the hypothesis that a dynamical analogy exists between the geological and biological systems under study.

VARIATIONS OF IRREGULARITY OF EARTH ROTATION AS TRIGGERING FACTOR OF SEISMICITY

На основании данных каталогов NEIС и IERS рассмотрены связи между неравномерностью скорости вращения Земли и общей сейсмичностью, проявляющуюся в количестве землетрясений за единицу времени. Показано, что сейсмичность Земли увеличивается как при ускорении, так и при замедлении вращения планеты. Дано объяснение факту возникновения почти одновременно роя землетрясений, расположенных в различных точках земного шара. Показано, что между изменением скорости вращения и началом процесса землетрясения проходит 2 и более суток, что дает возможность организации краткосрочного прогноза тектонического события. On the basis of data of NEIC and IERS catalogues correlation between irregularity of Earth rotation and global seismicity as a number of earthquakes per time unit is considered. It is shown that Earth seismicity increases with acceleration as well as with retardation of planet rotation. Explanation of simultaneous earthquake swarm in different points of Earth is given. It is shown that there is 2 days interval between change of rotation velocity and earthquake process which gives possibility of short-term forecast of tectonic events