Exploring Diverse Effects of Four Types of Mobility on University Entrepreneurship

<span>This study explores the mechanism by which mobility influences university entrepreneurship through an empirical analysis of Japanese scientists working for the University of Tokyo. It presents theory-driven typology of mobility and applies it to the knowledge-transfer context. First, this paper subdivides previously-studied mobility into four types – job mobility (JM), sector mobility (SM), international mobility (IM), and the educational background mobility (EBM). Then, it empirically shows that both JM and IM have positive and significant correlation with university entrepreneurship, whereas neither SM nor EBM does. Based on the result, this study discusses that JM and IM accelerate the formation of skills necessary for the commercialization of university research; however, SM and EBM may have no impact on it.</span>

ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCH: A REVIEW

Recently, universities are playing active role in economic development of the country, besides their traditional role of teaching and research. Research has shown that the increasing global trend of entrepreneurial activities emerging in major academic institutions have left universities with no choice but to re-invent their operational activities and engage themselves in entrepreneurial activities to remain competitive globally. However this transformation required entrepreneurial leadership that can lead universities to enhance the commercialization of their research. Thus, in this regard, entrepreneurial leadership is inevitable for universities. Current study provided the review of literature which argues the need for entrepreneurial leadership in the context of commercialization of university research.

Inventions for Industry. Canadian Patents and Development Limited and the Commercialization of University Research in Canada

From 1948 to 1991, Canadian Patents and Development Limited (CPDL) managed the commercialization of inventions and discoveries arising from government departments and agencies, as well as those disclosed to it by universities and others publicly funded organizations. The existence of CPDL, however, is rarely recognized in scholarship and discussions of Canadian science, technology, and innovation; its history is largely unobserved. This paper introduces a history of CPDL into the literature and contributes to a more complete understanding of the history of technology transfer in Canada. In so doing, this paper may help those interested in research commercialization understand the dynamics affecting technology transfer intermediary organizations and government policy instruments promoting the patenting and licensing of publicly funded research.