Policy innovation through the application of E-government: Case of Bandung championship in assessment information system program

<p>One of the applications of e-government in Indonesia is the Assessment Information system implemented in the city of Bandung since 2014 where. This e-government innovation is technology-based which makes assessment instruments for leaders and the people of Bandung to assess the performance of the sub-district and village heads. It's just that the lack of community participation makes this application not work according to its function, with qualitative research methods and using the theory of the author's vision to see the readiness of the apparatus and society in implementing this program. This research shows that the performance of the SIP application has not provided the maximum expected output. The not optimal SIP application is due to several factors. There is a need for comprehensive evaluation and improvement, building intensive communication and collaboration between operators and verifiers at the city government and sub-district levels.</p><div class="WordSection1"><p><em><strong>Keywords:</strong></em><em> </em><em>D</em><em>ecision-making</em><em>, </em><em>E-Government, </em><em>Policy </em><em>In</em><em>n</em><em>o</em><em>vation</em><strong><em>,</em></strong><em> Readiness, Performance Information System</em><em></em></p></div><p><em><br clear="all" /></em></p>

A Critical Review of Open Innovation in SMEs: Implementation, Success Factors and Challenges

<p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This literature review explores the Open Innovation of SME companies, their application, success factors, impact, and challenges. The theoretical framework is built starting from the definition, a critical pillar, and Open Innovation in SME companies. The main factor in the Open Innovation process stage is finding innovative ideas and establishing network access with the external environment. Balanced, systematic, and thorough collaboration is the key to this process. Although European scholars have done it quite a lot, the study of literature on Open Innovation in SMEs still could continue to be developed. Several research results were found in studies conducted in developing countries such as China, Taiwan, and Korea, distinguishing them from similar studies in Europe.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> <em>innovation; SMEs; technology; entrepreneurship; open innovation</em></em></p>

Triple Helix Collaboration in Indonesia’s Covid-19 Vaccine Development: Understanding The Barriers and Enablers

<p>The development of the Covid-19 vaccine (nationally named Merah Putih Vaccine) is a national innovation activity initiated by the Indonesian central government and coordinated by the National Research and Innovation Agency. This study aims to understand the collaboration between the triple helix components (Industry, Academician, and Government) in the Merah Putih vaccine (MP vaccine). An exploratory study of the actors involved in developing the MP vaccine was carried out through a primary data collection process from January to August 2021. Furthermore, a descriptive analysis of triple helix collaboration discloses components, functions, and configuration in the MP vaccine development. Our finding reveals that the most highlighted issue is the reputation concerning two significant dimensions; scientists' experience or R&amp;D human resources on real-life projects and the R&amp;D facilities and infrastructure. However, neither of the dimensions can accelerate the proof-of-concept vaccine candidate immediately. The critical findings of this research serve as empirical evidence of the barriers and enablers of a national innovation project initiated by the government, as seen from the triple helix collaboration with the emerging issues approach</p><p>Keywords: Triple Helix Collaboration, Covid-19, Emerging Issue, Vaccine</p>

The Reorientation of Thailand’s National R&D Programmes - Limits and Challenges

<p>Since 2016 Thailand has recognised a significant transition in research and innovation policy, with government increasingly acknowledging the importance of national R&amp;D programmes and favourable institutional conditions as determinants to overcome middle income trap. Drawing a lesson-learned from successful experiences of South Korea and Japan, the Thai government decided to experiment the national large-scaled mission-oriented R&amp;D programme, known as ‘Spearhead R&amp;D Programme’. This novel innovation financing scheme was designed to accelerate the commercialisation and economic impact of R&amp;D outputs. From the outset, it was clear that the outcome and impact of Spearhead R&amp;D Programme was yet to be realized. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reorientation of Thailand’s research and innovation landscape with the focus on the efficiency of operation in relation to the objective of the Spearhead R&amp;D Programme. It is found that the Spearhead R&amp;D Programme is equipped with four novel conceptual and operational features including strategic national STI agenda, R&amp;D commercialization, multi-year budget allocation and proactive research management. Yet, there were also potential limits and challenges that need to be addressed to move the Programme towards greater sectoral contribution with open innovation and flexibility in policy learning.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Research &amp; Innovation Reform, Mission-oriented R&amp;D Programme, Policy Experiment, Catch-up, R&amp;D Commercialisation, Thailand</p>

Researchers’ View on R&D Organizational Change Using the Grief Cycle

<p>When change becomes a need, research and development organizations must likewise be adaptable to new challenges. The necessary changes will provide difficulties for management to manage human resource development. Failure, stagnation, or success is the eventual consequence of every organizational reform. Organizational changes are effective or unsuccessful based on the implementation strategies used, emphasizing the significance of human development managerial skills, leadership communication, and organizational interpersonal communication. This study aims to present an empirical study of changes occurring in research and development companies using grief cycle analysis. This research utilizes a variety of aspects and documents from prior studies to analyze the collective grief cycle phenomena associated with organizational changes in the R&amp;D sector. The empirical description of the grieving cycle analysis demonstrates that the outcome of the grief cycle process indicates that the organization is not prepared to undertake changes, resulting in the crisis of certain workers. An empirical account of grieving cycle analysis reveals that time and the process of habituation play a significant influence in organizational members acceptance of changes in research and development organizations. Leadership communication and organizational interpersonal communication are critical in influencing organizational members' comprehension and acceptance of organizational goals and change processes..</p><p> </p>Keywords: grief cycle, organizational change R&amp;D, acceptance, HR management, leadership communication, organizational interpersonal communication

An Empirical Analysis of AI Related Scientific Knowledge and Technologies To Support Elderly Independent Living

<p>The constant increase of an aging society unveils social and economic problems. Elderly independent living (EIL) is supported by numerous services and technologies that take care of their emotional and physical health. Previous studies have reviewed the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications to support health care, such as AI robots and intelligent senior well-being support systems. A growing number of scientists and tech companies are working on AI applications to help the elderly independent living. We propose to identify AI technological innovation opportunities when developing AI solutions to help the elderly independent living. The research consists of two steps: 1) Identifying AI solutions to help elderly independent living by implementing scientometric analysis on scientific publications related to AI technologies and the elderly. 2) The review and national-level comparison of the identified AI solutions under the proposed framework of elderly need, supporting function, underlying technologies and scientific knowledge. Based on an analysis of the literature on emerging technology in the third AI Boom, we pinpoint science mapping to grasp the situation of research and development of emerging technologies in various regions, to explore the status of technological and research cooperation, to find out the hot research topics of AI technologies in dealing with the problem of aging, to discover the direction of technological development and innovation opportunities in the future, and to combine with the actual need of EIL for exploring the innovative potential of AI technology. From our analysis we can argue that solutions to support elderly independent living require the integration of knowledge from various disciplines, services and products such as machine learning, sensors, data analysis, IoT, wearable devices, sociology and healthcare.</p><p><span>Keywords : Artificial Intelligence, Aging society, Elderly independent living, Scientometric, Network analysis</span></p>

Automation and ‘Thailand +1” Strategy of Japanese Companies in Thailand by Thai Engineers

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Japanese companies have the second largest number of overseas manufacturing sites in Thailand after in China. To cope with labor cost increase, on one hand, they automate their production processes using robots. On the other hand, they establish satellite manufacturing sites in neighboring lower labor cost countries. This movement is called “Thailand+1” Strategy. The paper discusses these two movements comparing with the experiences of Japanese companies in Japan in the late 1980s coping with rapid Japanese Yen appreciation. The paper discusses that the automation in Thailand now is more systematic and needs system integrators and that local engineers need to be trained as system integrators since the technological operation in Thailand is already heavily localized. In the case of Japan in the late 1980s, shop-floor workers were needed to be mechatronics operators since individual machines became IT (Information Technology) -based. For the “Thailand +1” Strategy, only a part of production process, which is heavily labor-intensive, is moved out as a satellite factory, while in the case of Japan in the 1980s a whole assembling process was moved out and many parts suppliers followed. Another difference is that local engineers (Thai engineers) play an important role in technology transfer in the case of the “Thailand +1” Strategy, while Japanese engineers transferred technology to overseas factories in the case of Japanese companies in the late 1980s. Japanese companies have become globally operated from Japan-centered.</p><p> </p>Keywords: Automation, Thailand+1 Strategy, Japanese Companies, Thai Engineers

The International Research Collaboration, Learning and Promoting Innovation Capability in Indonesia Medical Sectors

<p>Research collaboration accross countries is known as a promising strategy to enhance science and technology capacity and is more popular for researchers as it contributes to research productivity. In the context of a developing economy, like Indonesia, the goal of international research collaboration is to increase scientific capacity of researchers in developing economy, however limited information how the international research collaboration could promote innovation. This paper aims to reveal research results in medical research collaboration between institution in Indonesia and other countries and how the collaboration could promote innovation. Case study of eight international collaboration research projects in medical research were utilized, in which Indonesian researchers worked collaboratively with foresign researchers. The reseach found that international research collaboration has opened opportunities for Indonesian researchers to learn and upgrade their capability and be able to contribute to scientific knowledge. Collaborative research in the medical areana requires long term research and significant funding support. Based on the case studies, none of international research projects reached commercialization stage, because clinical research requires significant funding and the involvement of industry as clinical trials would enhance innovation.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: international research collaboration, innovation capacity, medical innovation, collaboration process, Indonesia.</p>

The Gap Between Program Planning and Implementation: The Case of R&D Program in Indonesian RPJMN

<p>This article attempts to analyze various obstacles related to the minimal contribution of Indonesian R&amp;D Program in supporting the economic sector and national competitiveness. This was done through a review of the implementation of the document of the National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) in the S&amp;T Sector for 2015‒2019 periode. The analysis was carried out using the Grindle policy implementation model. The study shows that there are four main factors that hinder the implementation of the R&amp;D program, such as 1) the lack of integration of R&amp;D execution between LPNK and technical ministries, 2) R&amp;D program planning which tends to be technology supply-push, 3) the absence of an appropriate evaluation mechanism to measure the achievement research in support of the economic sector, and 4) limited on research budget resources and its diffusion.</p>