Resolução de sistemas de equações lineares por um sujeito cego: um experimento com foco na exploração das variáveis de Coulange

ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a resolução de dois problemas envolvendo sistemas de equações lineares por um sujeito cego do 9º ano do ensino fundamental II. A metodologia adotada para coleta e análise dos dados foi o Design Experiments. Utilizamos os estudos de Coulange sobre variáveis para nortear nossas análises. Segundo ela, é possível identificar 8 variáveis em problemas envolvendo sistemas de equações lineares. No experimento de ensino aplicado, destacamos duas variáveis: V4 que se refere ao domínio numérico de medida de grandezas desconhecidas: conjunto numérico dos naturais, inteiros, reais, entre outros (problema 1) e V6 que trata da natureza redundante ou contraditória das informações a respeito das grandezas desconhecidas (problema 2). Nosso sujeito participante da investigação resolveu, facilmente, os dois problemas algebricamente, porém houve dificuldade para determinar a resposta do problema 2, que envolvia informações contraditórias. Palavras-chave: Sistemas de equações lineares; sujeito cego; variáveis de Coulange.AbstractThe objective of this work is to present the resolution of two problems involving systems of linear equations by a blind subject in the 9th grade of elementary school. The methodology adopted for data collection and analysis was Design Experiments. We used Coulange's studies on variables to guide our analyzes. According to her, it is possible to identify 8 variables in problems involving systems of linear equations. In the applied teaching experiment, we highlight two variables: V4 which refers to the numerical domain of measurement of unknown quantities: numerical set of naturals, integers, reals, among others, (problem 1) and V6 that deals with the redundant or contradictory nature of the information regarding unknown quantities (problem 2). Our subject easily solved both problems algebraically, but it was difficult to determine the answer to problem 2, which involved contradictory information.Keywords: Systems of linear equations; blind subject; Coulange variables.

A Cognitive Approach to Reducing Stereotypic Head Rocking

The purpose of this study was to introduce a cognitive, nonintrusive method of controlling head-rocking behavior in an 11-year-old blind subject in an integrated placement. The intervention involved having the subject place his hand on his cheek or chin when prompted that he was rocking his head. A multiple-baseline design across four settings, both instructional and social, was employed to evaluate the effects of the procedure. The subject demonstrated significant decreases in head rocking during intervention, as well as generalization during follow-up, when no intervention was employed.