design experiments
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Scott Kruse ◽  
Michael Mileski ◽  
Gevin Dray ◽  
Zakia Johnson ◽  
Cameron Shaw ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Physician burnout was first identified in 1974, and it has been particularly prevalent during the first year of the pandemic. OBJECTIVE To objectively analyze the literature over the last five years for empirical evidence of burnout incident to the EHR and to identify barriers, facilitators, associated patient satisfaction to using the EHR to improve symptoms of burnout. METHODS No human subjects were used in this review, however 100% of participants in studies analyzed were adult physicians. Four research databases and one targeted journal were queried for studies commensurate with the objective statement from January 1, 2016 through January 31st 2021 (n=25). RESULTS The hours spent in documentation and workflow are responsible for the sense of loss of autonomy, lack of work-life balance, lack of control of one’s schedule, cognitive fatigue, a general loss of autonomy and poor relationships with colleagues. Researchers have identified training, local customization of templates and workflow, and the use of scribes to alleviate the administrative burden of the EHR and decreased symptoms of burnout. CONCLUSIONS The solutions provided in the literature only addressed two of the three factors, workflow and documentation time, but not the third, usability. Practitioners and administrators should focus on the former two factors because they are within their sphere of control. EHR vendors should focus on empirical evidence to identify usability features with the greatest impact to improve. Researchers should design experiments to explore solutions that address all three factors of the EHR that contribute to burnout. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.2196/15490


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Shoyang Gadis Supratania ◽  
Saepudin Rahmatullah ◽  
Neneng Windayani

Secondary metabolites are part of the discussion of Natural Product Organic Chemistry which demands a practicum process in lectures. This research aims to determine process skills through the application of inquiry-based worksheets on secondary metabolite analysis of three types of Indonesian medicinal plants. In the worksheet, there were several expected goals, including developing students' abilities in designing experiments, conducting experiments, and communicating both orally and in writing. The method used in this research was a One-Shot Case Study with 18 students taking Natural Product Organic Chemistry courses. The instruments used were learning descriptions, inquiry-based worksheets, observation sheets, assessment sheets (psychomotor, presentations, and reports). The results of the worksheet application showed that the students' ability obtain an average value of 84.15 with a very good category. The ability to design experiments, conduct experiments, and communicate orally and in writing obtained results of 77.16 (good categories), 92.50 (very good), and 82.80 (very good), respectively. This inquiry-based worksheet can be used in the study of Natural Product Organic Chemistry, especially in secondary metabolites.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Lingyun ◽  
Xu Shenpeng ◽  
Lou Yan

Bulk amorphous alloys have some good mechanical properties due to their special atomic arrangement and are now popular in the field of materials. Zr-based amorphous alloys have good mechanical properties, but they are different from lattice slip materials with high ductility. When these materials are compressed and deformed, it generates a concentrated elastic force in the shear zone that causes instantaneous amorphous fracture. The extremely poor plasticity of Zr-based amorphous materials highlight their shortcomings and make them difficult to use in engineering applications. In this paper, it is found that the plasticity of Zr-based amorphous alloys is enhanced to a certain extent by intermittent ultrasonic vibration-assisted compression (IUVC). The ultrasonic vibration stress of IUVC can increase the extra free volume of Zr-based amorphous alloys and increase their degree of “rejuvenation”, which is manifested as an increase in plasticity. To explore how IUVC affects the plasticity of Zr-based amorphous alloys, we design experiments to analyse the effects of different intermittent times, pre-pressures and ultrasonic amplitudes on the plasticity of amorphous alloys.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Claire Ford

<p>Increasingly, research suggests that urban life is characterised by rising levels of distress (Söderström, 2017). We exist in a melee of social, political, cultural and environmental constructs, many of which require individuals to repress emotional expression and experiences. Without consciously doing so, we take cues from the designed environment as to what behaviours should be acted out in that space, and this has a direct impact on our well-being. This thesis explores how the built environment can be designed to support the emotional wellbeing of its occupants.  Current practice addressing well-being predominantly looks at cases of severe mental dysfunction (Söderström, 2017) or designing spaces that privilege physical concerns (Jencks & Heathcote, 2010). The research in this thesis is not directed towards such extreme instances of distress; it focuses on the capacity of designed environments to emotionally enable and empower all building users, taking into account a broad spectrum of emotional expression and responses to space. To accomplish this, existing literary research on emotional well-being is traversed and used to inform a series of design explorations. These aim to discover how the design of space can enable occupants to feel supported; to live their emotional lives with complete agency. A conceptual framework is developed, drawing on philosophy, psychology, sociology, neurology and geography, which informs architectural design experiments that test relationships between the body, the mind, and the architecture we engaged with.  This thesis involves a speculative approach to design research. Using design experiments at multiple scales, this thesis explores the potential of moments in the built environment where people have strong emotional connections to space, in order that a consciously compassionate design approach may be developed. Four architectural briefs are explored at three scales - installation, domestic and public scale - allowing design to inform the research. Each investigation is successive and becomes a testing ground to evaluate and critique the design outcomes prior to it. The design tests also involve progressively more architectural and interactive complexity. This sequence of design tests explores the potential of spaces to empower an inhabitant in architectural space to experience joy and sadness; to directly associate architecture with emotional well-ness.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Claire Ford

<p>Increasingly, research suggests that urban life is characterised by rising levels of distress (Söderström, 2017). We exist in a melee of social, political, cultural and environmental constructs, many of which require individuals to repress emotional expression and experiences. Without consciously doing so, we take cues from the designed environment as to what behaviours should be acted out in that space, and this has a direct impact on our well-being. This thesis explores how the built environment can be designed to support the emotional wellbeing of its occupants.  Current practice addressing well-being predominantly looks at cases of severe mental dysfunction (Söderström, 2017) or designing spaces that privilege physical concerns (Jencks & Heathcote, 2010). The research in this thesis is not directed towards such extreme instances of distress; it focuses on the capacity of designed environments to emotionally enable and empower all building users, taking into account a broad spectrum of emotional expression and responses to space. To accomplish this, existing literary research on emotional well-being is traversed and used to inform a series of design explorations. These aim to discover how the design of space can enable occupants to feel supported; to live their emotional lives with complete agency. A conceptual framework is developed, drawing on philosophy, psychology, sociology, neurology and geography, which informs architectural design experiments that test relationships between the body, the mind, and the architecture we engaged with.  This thesis involves a speculative approach to design research. Using design experiments at multiple scales, this thesis explores the potential of moments in the built environment where people have strong emotional connections to space, in order that a consciously compassionate design approach may be developed. Four architectural briefs are explored at three scales - installation, domestic and public scale - allowing design to inform the research. Each investigation is successive and becomes a testing ground to evaluate and critique the design outcomes prior to it. The design tests also involve progressively more architectural and interactive complexity. This sequence of design tests explores the potential of spaces to empower an inhabitant in architectural space to experience joy and sadness; to directly associate architecture with emotional well-ness.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joel Lai Siaw Kwan

<p>With the densification of urban cities, our urban concrete jungles are populated by self-supporting and monolithic building blocks such as high rises and skyscrapers, connected only by the ground plan that they sit on. Although the buildings of today’s cities are getting taller, the architecture of today’s cities is still being developed on a two-dimensional template, where ground is the base plane and tall buildings remain independent to one another. This has created a segregation between the claimed internal spaces of our built environment and the public domain of architecture within the vertical realm of our urban fabric.  This thesis speculates what vertical architecture of the future could be like if we challenge the conventional perception of our claimed vertical space, proposing an alternative while exploring the idea of a three-dimensional urban fabric. The research also encapsulates exploration of future technologies that may aid in the feasibility of this type of vertical architecture.  Utilizing a design-led research approach, design experiments were employed to explore different ideologies surrounding futuristic alternatives in approaching vertical architecture. The research explores the proposition through design experiments of three different scales, namely, an installation exploring connectivity through abstraction, a ‘mid-scale’ vertical residence and a vertical city at a public scale. This research was predominantly influenced by the theoretical works of Yona Friedman, Nat Chard, Lebbeus Woods and Cedric Price. Their works were analyzed and merged to generate a hybrid concept for an alternate utilization of vertical space.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joel Lai Siaw Kwan

<p>With the densification of urban cities, our urban concrete jungles are populated by self-supporting and monolithic building blocks such as high rises and skyscrapers, connected only by the ground plan that they sit on. Although the buildings of today’s cities are getting taller, the architecture of today’s cities is still being developed on a two-dimensional template, where ground is the base plane and tall buildings remain independent to one another. This has created a segregation between the claimed internal spaces of our built environment and the public domain of architecture within the vertical realm of our urban fabric.  This thesis speculates what vertical architecture of the future could be like if we challenge the conventional perception of our claimed vertical space, proposing an alternative while exploring the idea of a three-dimensional urban fabric. The research also encapsulates exploration of future technologies that may aid in the feasibility of this type of vertical architecture.  Utilizing a design-led research approach, design experiments were employed to explore different ideologies surrounding futuristic alternatives in approaching vertical architecture. The research explores the proposition through design experiments of three different scales, namely, an installation exploring connectivity through abstraction, a ‘mid-scale’ vertical residence and a vertical city at a public scale. This research was predominantly influenced by the theoretical works of Yona Friedman, Nat Chard, Lebbeus Woods and Cedric Price. Their works were analyzed and merged to generate a hybrid concept for an alternate utilization of vertical space.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dalisha Sebastian

<p>As the population of New Zealand ages demand and popularity of retirement homes is increasing. This thesis argues that interior spaces of retirement homes can become more interesting and stimulating through the use of colour, and that a simple colour redesign of the common shared areas could achieve great benefits for the users. The main aim of this study is to explore how to create healing and comforting environment in retirement homes using colour as the main design driver. Based on the literature review it was possible to establish four key design colour strategies of healing; Views of nature, natural light, soothing colours and colours promoting interaction. Based on these, a series of design experiments were undertaken, developing a new set of approaches of how colour can be used in the interior design. Some of the design explorations were not focused on a particular site, but some considered the limitations of a possible site. The study succeeded in redesigning the selected site through a creative application of the four key design strategies of healing, but also supported development of a set of findings on how to use colour strategies more effectively in retirement homes. One of the key findings of this study is that the use of bright and saturated colour could prevent adverse effect of sensory deprivation associated with aging. This could have broader applications in interior architecture.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Dalisha Sebastian

<p>As the population of New Zealand ages demand and popularity of retirement homes is increasing. This thesis argues that interior spaces of retirement homes can become more interesting and stimulating through the use of colour, and that a simple colour redesign of the common shared areas could achieve great benefits for the users. The main aim of this study is to explore how to create healing and comforting environment in retirement homes using colour as the main design driver. Based on the literature review it was possible to establish four key design colour strategies of healing; Views of nature, natural light, soothing colours and colours promoting interaction. Based on these, a series of design experiments were undertaken, developing a new set of approaches of how colour can be used in the interior design. Some of the design explorations were not focused on a particular site, but some considered the limitations of a possible site. The study succeeded in redesigning the selected site through a creative application of the four key design strategies of healing, but also supported development of a set of findings on how to use colour strategies more effectively in retirement homes. One of the key findings of this study is that the use of bright and saturated colour could prevent adverse effect of sensory deprivation associated with aging. This could have broader applications in interior architecture.</p>


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