Lithium titanium oxide synthesis by solid-state reaction for lithium adsorption from artificial brine source

Lithium and titanium are the materials that have an essential role in today’s industrial world, especially in LIBs (lithium-ion batteries). LIBs have become an important issue nowadays due to the imbalance between supply and demand. Lithium adsorption from brine sources becomes an alternative source using various methods. This study aims to find the characteristic of LTO (lithium titanium oxide), which was synthesized by the solid-state reaction process for adsorption lithium from an artificial brine source. The variables studied were temperature and the solid-solid ratio of Li and Ti. Each LTO obtained was analyzed using XRD to define the crystal structure and composition of LTO formed. The LTO product has a monoclinic structure, with more significant peaks in 2-theta 18° and 43°. The size of crystals formed is influenced by temperature and ratio of solid Li/Ti. The largest crystal formed at a temperature of 600°C and 750°C is 512 nm and 50 nm. The higher the temperature, the smaller the crystal sized formed and the higher Li/Ti solid ratio, the greater the crystal size formed.

ELECTROMIGRATION IN LITHIUM-TITANIUM FERRITE CERAMICS SINTERED IN RADIATION-THERMAL MODE

The study investigates electro-migration in Li–Ti ferrite ceramic samples sintered in radiation-thermal mode. To reveal radiation effects, similar measurements are performed for samples sintered in thermal mode. The effect of the state of grain boundaries and the presence of a low-melting additive on electrical properties of sintered ferrites is studied. It is found that structural rearrangement during radiation-thermal sintering occurs in early sintering stages, including the heating period. Study demonstrates that such behavior associated with radiation-induced intensification of the liquid phase spreading over the array of powder grains. In addition, it was shown that structural transformation may be caused by stimulation of intergranular slippage