Description of nymph of Brasilocaenis atawallpa Lima, Molineri, Vieira, Pinheiro & Salles, 2019 (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) and notes on its taxonomic status

Brasilocaenis atawallpa was recently described based on male imago from Colombian Amazon. The original description does not contain a designation of type specimens or locality, and it just states that the type series was studied in order to perform the cladistic analysis. In this context, we herein designate the lectotype and paralectotypes of B. atawallpa and describe its nymphal stage. The nymphs were associated to B. atawallpa by the male genitalia extracted from mature nymphs. The nymphal stage of B. atawallpa can be differentiated from others known nymphs of the genus by absence of pointed microspines on opercular gill, fore coxa without projection, middle coxa with well-developed and semicircular projection, hind coxa with finger-like projection, fore and middle tarsal claws without denticles and hind margin of the ninth sternite almost straight.

Rhaphium Meigen (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) from the Taimyr Peninsula (Russia), with description of a new species

Eight species of Rhaphium Mg. are recorded from the southern tundra of the Taimyr Peninsula (Russia), including the description of a new species, Rhaphium borisovi Negrobov, Barkalov & Selivanova sp. nov. The new species is similar to Rhaphium gruniniani Negrobov and differs from it by yellow fore coxa, equal length of hind tarsomeres 1–2 and broader inner lobe of cercus. The female of Rhaphium beringiense Negrobov & Vockeroth is described. A key to Siberian species (exclusive of Far East species) of the genus Rhaphium is presented and morphological characters of all species are illustrated.

The venom apparatus and other morphological characters of the ant Martialis heureka (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Martialinae)

We describe and illustrate the venom apparatus and other morphological characters of the recently described Martialis heureka ant worker, a supposedly specialized subterranean predator which could be the sole surviving representative of a highly divergent lineage that arose near the dawn of ant diversification. M. heureka was described as the single species of a genus in the subfamily, Martialinae Rabeling and Verhaagh, known from a single worker. However because the authors had available a unique specimen, dissections and scanning electron microscopy from coated specimens were not possible. We base our study on two worker individuals collected in Manaus, AM, Brazil in 1998 and maintained in 70% alcohol since then; the ants were partially destroyed because of desiccation during transport to São Paulo and subsequent efforts to rescue them from the vial. We were able to recover two left mandibles, two pronota, one dismembered fore coxa, one meso-metapropodeal complex with the median and hind coxae and trochanters still attached, one postpetiole, two gastric tergites, the pygidium and the almost complete venom apparatus (lacking the gonostylus and anal plate). We illustrate and describe the pieces, and compare M. heureka worker morphology with other basal ant subfamilies, concluding it does merit subfamilial status.

Four New Species of Evergestis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Female. Frons slightly produced, with a rudimentary median carina. Head, body and forewing above pale luteous, hind wing above and under side whitish. Abdomen above with narrow white basal band and with three or four obscure blackish-powdered mid-dorsal spots. Fore coxa, femur and tibia brown anteriorly. Forewing above with narrow, obscure, dark, irregularly dentate ante- and post-medial lines. Antemedial oblique outward to origin of Cu1, then sharply angled and oblique inward to inner margin. Postmedial nearly parallel to outer margin, weakly indented along submedian fold. An hourglass-shaped mark at the end of the cell. All these markings surrounded by faint fulvous clouding. Outer margin with minute black dots at ends of veins. Fringe concolorous. Hind wing with one or two dark dots in submedian fold and with black terminal dots at the veins. Under side of forewing with lunate discocellular mark and anterior half of postmedial line conspicuously dark.

NEW SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN EPHEMEROPTERA IV

Male. Eyes deep black-brown. Head black with the pits of the antennae and a small area posterior to the mid-ocellus pale yellowish. Pronotum black; mesonotum black with slight brownish shading along lateral edges posteriorly; the membranous area between base of wing and fore coxa pale yellowish, shaded with light brown, and containing a blackish streak; metanotum black with slight yellowish tinges in median area; pleura and sternum black with the less heavily chitinized portions, especially around bases of legs, pale yellowish.

NEW NEARCTIC SIPHONAPTERA

♂ ♀. Head.—The rostrum equals the fore coxa in length. The maxillary palpi are slightly more than two-thirds the length of the rostrum. The frons is broadly rounded. There is a lower general row of three stout bristles and an upper genal row of six bristles. There is no genal ctenidium. The occipital bristles are arranged in three rows. The bristles of the second antennal segment are short and fine. The club of the antenna is distinctly segmented all of the way around.