Apomictic species of Alchemilla from the High Atlas Mountains: revision of the genus Alchemilla (Rosaceae) in Morocco

A taxonomic revision of the Alchemilla in the High Atlas Mountains has been carried out. This genus is represented in Morocco by Alchemilla atlantica, A. gourzai, A. litardieri, A. mairei and by a new taxon A. boratynskii, sp. nov., described here from the High Atlas Mountains range. Data on their chorology, ecology and phenology, as well as an identification key, are provided. The conservation status of this newly described narrow endemic and the other four taxa, also endemics previously known from the Moroccan Atlas Mountains, is provided. Alchemilla hirtipes should be excluded from the flora of Morocco.

CONTRIBUTION TO THE INVENTORY OF THE BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE TAFOUGHALT MASSIF, NORTH-EAST MOROCCO

Knowledge of the diversity of the bryophytic flora of the Tafoughalt massif in north- eastern Morocco is insufficient and poorly known. The present study is the first bryological work on this massif. The bryophytic exploitation, which lasted three years (2015-2017) during periods favourable for sampling, revealed the existence of 30 bryophyte taxa, 27 of which belong to the Mosses and 3 to the Hepatica, divided respectively into 21 genders and 10 families (90%) then 3 genders and 3 families (10%). The most represented families are the Pottiaceae, Brachytheciaceae and Bryaceae. The most species rich genera are Bryum and Tortula. Four species are the most abundant in this massif, including three mosses and one liverwort:Grimmia decipiens, Orthotrichum rupestre, Pleurochaete squarrosa and Targionia hypophylla. We report the presence of two species new to the bryophytic flora of Morocco. These are Amblystegium serpens and Oxyrrhynchium speciosum. These two species are very rare in our study site according to the ecological significance index (ESI). There are five species newly observed in the region. The majority of taxa (more than 90% taxa) are saxicolous and/or terracolous.

Etude Phytochimique Et Activité Antibactérienne De Deux Espèces De Lavande Autochtones Au Maroc : «Lavandula stoechas L. et Lavandula dentata L.»

In the present work, the aim is to compare the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of two lavender Species "Lavandula stoechas L." and "Lavandula dentata L.", belonging to wild flora of Morocco. Thus, a phytochemical screening was performed on the aerial part of invested plants, and no qualitative difference was detected between the studied species. Indeed, both contain catechin and gallic tannins, flavonoids (anthocyanins, flavones and catechols), sterols and triterpenes, in addition to combined anthracene compounds (C-glycosides). Whereas, the dosage of crude aqueous extracts showed that the contents of secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols, flavonoids and total and condensed tannins were higher in L. dentata. Also, the essential oils of the aerial part, obtained by hydrodistillation gave higher yields in L. dentata than L. stoechas. Finally, antibacterial activity tests were performed on four strains of bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus "Gram+," and Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis which are Gram -) with both essential oils and crude aqueous extracts. The results obtained showed that essential oils have a powerful effect, particularly that of L. dentata on S. aureus, with an inhibition diameter about 30 mm. The crude extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against Gram - and had no effect on Gram +.