INFLAMMATION OF INTERSTITIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE SPACE INDUCED BY LEAD ACETATE AND AMELIORATIVE AFTERMATH OF FICUSCARICAON RAT TESTIS

Objective: To observe inflammation of interstitial connective tissue space caused by Lead acetate in rat testis and ameliorative after math caused by Ficuscarica. Study Design: Laboratory based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi together with NIH (National Institute of Health) Islamabad, from Mar to Nov 2017. Methodology: Sprague Dawley male rats, 30 in quantity were chosen and 10 animals each partited into 3 groups. Treatments were given for 8 weeks, once daily. Group A was control group. Group B was treated with dosage of 30 mg/kg of Lead acetate. Group C was given dosage of 30 mg/kg of Lead acetate as well as 80 mg/kg of Ficuscarica. Twenty four hours after the concluding dose, animals were vivisected. For histological study, testis were fixed and stained with Haematoxylin and eosin. Interstitial connective tissue space thickness was morphometrically and assessed by SPSS version 22. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant in results. Results: Interstitial space thickness was significantly increased due to inflammation (>3 times normal) in group B in comparison to groups A and C. Thickness of space was slightly increased (<2 times normal) in group C in comparison to groups A due to reduction in inflammation. Conclusion: There was increased thickness of interstitium due to inflammation, cellular congestion and lymphocytic infiltration in rat’s testis because of lead acetate but concomitant dose of Ficuscarica protects against inflammation, venous congestion of interstitial space.

The Morphology of the Pecten Oculi and the Conus Papillaris

In this study, the pecten of the house finch, and the conus of the gecko, Eublipharis, were utilized. The structure of the house finch pecten resembled that of the pigeon. The capillary endothelium is characterized by an extensive luminal and abluminal system of plasma membrane plications (Fig. 1, LP and AP). The luminal ridges vary in length from 1.3 - 2.9μ, and are 40-90 mμ in width. The luminal and abluminal plications are separated by the narrow, rather dense endothelial cytoplasm which contains free ribosomes and dense mitochondria in addition to granular cytomembranes. The abluminal ridges are generally shorter, and rest on a basement membrane. Many of the pecten surface capillaries are separated from the vitreous by only a short distance of about 1μ. In other regions the capillaries are surrounded by pigmented cells, which contain smooth surfaced, very osmiophilic granules up to 1.6μ in diameter, a few smaller, irregularly shaped granules and the usual compliment of cytoplasmic organelles (Fig. 2).In sharp contrast to the pecten, the endothelium of the conus is relatively smooth and lacks any surface foldings as well as any fenestrations (Fig. 3). The endothelial basement membrane is separated from that of the pigment cell by a variable extracellular connective tissue space containing many collagen fibrils. The pigment cells contain melanin granules similar to those of the pecten (Fig.4).

TRANSPLANTATION OF TOOTH GERM ELEMENTS AND THE EXPERIMENTAL HETEROTOPIC FORMATION OF DENTIN AND ENAMEL

The formation of dentin and enamel in the abdominal wall in young pups was achieved by transplantation of the soft tissues of the developing tooth germ. An interesting finding was the cytomorphosis of the epithelium of the enamel organ. When this was transplanted so that the ameloblasts were in contact with the odontoblasts the cylindrical character of the epithelial cells was preserved and enamel was produced; otherwise the cylindrical shape of these cells was lost and a stratified epithelium resulted, resembling the gingival and certain tumors (the adamantinoma) of the jaw and related structures. This degenerated epithelium did not produce enamel and had an important characteristic of not forming cysts in a closed connective tissue space, instead forming islands and cords of cells with epithelial pearl formation. Thus the influence of mesodermic connective tissue derivatives on the form and function of epithelium is presented. The odonto-blasts were found capable of survival as such and readily formed new dentin in transplantation; the stellate cells of the pulp were inert from the standpoint of inducing calcification.