INFLAMMATION OF INTERSTITIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE SPACE INDUCED BY LEAD ACETATE AND AMELIORATIVE AFTERMATH OF FICUSCARICAON RAT TESTIS

Objective: To observe inflammation of interstitial connective tissue space caused by Lead acetate in rat testis and ameliorative after math caused by Ficuscarica. Study Design: Laboratory based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi together with NIH (National Institute of Health) Islamabad, from Mar to Nov 2017. Methodology: Sprague Dawley male rats, 30 in quantity were chosen and 10 animals each partited into 3 groups. Treatments were given for 8 weeks, once daily. Group A was control group. Group B was treated with dosage of 30 mg/kg of Lead acetate. Group C was given dosage of 30 mg/kg of Lead acetate as well as 80 mg/kg of Ficuscarica. Twenty four hours after the concluding dose, animals were vivisected. For histological study, testis were fixed and stained with Haematoxylin and eosin. Interstitial connective tissue space thickness was morphometrically and assessed by SPSS version 22. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant in results. Results: Interstitial space thickness was significantly increased due to inflammation (>3 times normal) in group B in comparison to groups A and C. Thickness of space was slightly increased (<2 times normal) in group C in comparison to groups A due to reduction in inflammation. Conclusion: There was increased thickness of interstitium due to inflammation, cellular congestion and lymphocytic infiltration in rat’s testis because of lead acetate but concomitant dose of Ficuscarica protects against inflammation, venous congestion of interstitial space.

Hot Box Investigations of a Ventilated Bioclimatic Wall for NZEB Building Façade

The building sector is the largest consumer of energy, but there are still major scientific challenges in this field. The façade, being the interface between the exterior and interior space, plays a key role in the energy efficiency of a building. In this context, this paper focuses on a ventilated bioclimatic wall for nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB). The aim of this study is to investigate an experimental setup based on a hot box for the characterization of the thermal performances of the ventilated wall. A specific ventilated prototype and an original thermal metrology are developed. This paper presents the ventilated prototype, the experimental setup, and the experimental results on the thermal performances of the ventilated wall. The influence of the air space thickness and the air flow rate on the thermal performances of the ventilated wall is studied.

Hot Box Investigations of a Ventilated Bioclimatic Wall for NZEB Building Façade

The building sector is the largest consumer of energy and there are still major scientific challenges in this field. The fa&ccedil;ade, being the interface between the exterior and interior space, plays a key role in the energy efficiency of a building. In this context, this paper focuses on a ventilated bioclimatic wall for NZEB zero energy buildings. The objective of this study is to investigate an experimental set-up based on a Hot Box allowing characterizing the thermal performances of the ventilated wall. A specific ventilated prototype and an original thermal metrology has been developed. This paper presents the ventilated prototype, the experimental set-up and experimental results on the thermal performances of the ventilated wall. The influence of the air space thickness and the air flow rate on the thermal performances of the ventilated wall is studied.

REDUCING THE AERODYNAMIC NOISE GENERATED BY A PNEUMATIC CONVEYOR USING THE ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF AIR CUSHION THICKNESS CONTROL

The article describes the sources of aerodynamic noise generated inside an air cushion as applicable to industrial conveyor systems. The relationship between aerodynamic noise level and the air-space thickness is shown. The method of stabilizing the airspace thickness is proposed to reduce the level of aerodynamic noise.

Influence of parameters of the double hull’s grillage on width of associated plate

В балках судовых перекрытий одним из неопределенных элементов является ширина присоединенного пояска. Существующие расчетные зависимости, приводимые в справочных изданиях, далеко не всегда дают верные рекомендации, когда речь идет о балках с присоединенным пояском обшивки. Проблема заключается в том, что при большом пояске распределение напряжений по его ширине носит неравномерный характер, редуцируя его участие в изгибе балки. В Морском Регистре РФ рекомендации, основанные на теоретических разработках, сводятся к размеру присоединенного пояска, равному одной шестой длины балки. При этом параметры перекрытия никакой роли в определении присоединенного пояска не играют. Полученные чисто теоретически с рядом допущений указанные рекомендации могут быть уточнены путем проведения анализа ширины присоединенного пояска с помощью расчета перекрытий типа двойного борта методом конечных элементов. Применение дополнительно к критерию по напряжениям критерия по прогибам позволило более адекватно оценить величину присоединенного пояска, относительная ширина которого имеет тенденцию к возрастанию по мере увеличения расстояния между балками перекрытия. При анализе работы перекрытия варьировались шпация, толщина обшивки и стенок балок, а также высота балок. Полученные МКЭ результаты показали наличие линейной зависимости между относительной шириной присоединенного пояска и относительной шпацией. Отмечено, что увеличение толщины обшивки по сравнению с толщиной стенки практически не оказывает влияния на величину присоединенного пояска. In beams of ship grillages one of unknown elements is width of associated plate. Existence relations, that are included in manuals is not always give true recommendations, when it is need to designate value of associated plate of hull plating. Problem is that under big space between beams stress distribution along the width of beam shelf is not uniform, reducing its participation in the beam deflection. In Maritime Register of Russia based on theoretical works, it is recommended to determine associated plate as 1/6 of beam length, not taking into account parameters of grillage. Obtained by these authors theoretically with some admissions recommendations can be making more precise with analysis of width of associated plate with calculation of grillage of type of double board by the finite element method. Application to addition to criteria on stresses the criteria on deflections allow more precisely evaluate width of associated plate which take tendency to increasing on increasing space between beams of grillage. Analysis of grillage was fulfilled with variation of beam space, thickness of shell and web of beams, and also depth of grillage. Obtained by FEM results show existence of lineal relation between relative width of associated plate and relative space. It is marked the increasing of plate thickness compare to web thickness practically does not influent on value of associated plate.

Effect of finish line design and cement space thickness on the marginal accuracy of monolithic zirconia crowns

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of finish line design and cement space thickness on the marginal accuracy of monolithic zirconia crowns. Materials and methods: Thirty crowns were fabricated from translucent zirconia (inCoris TZI) using Cerec in-Lab system and divided into three main groups (10 each) according to the finish line type of the die (knife-edge, chamfer, and shoulder). Every group was divided into two subgroups (5 each) according to cement space thickness (20 and50μm). Optical impressions were taken for the dies using the Cerec scanner and cement space was set twice for every finish line design; 20 and 50 μm. The completed crowns were cemented to the dies and the marginal gap was evaluated. The collected data was statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test and the significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Regarding the marginal gap; there was no statistically significant difference between different finish line designs or between different cement space thicknesses. Conclusion: Neither finish line design nor cement space thickness has an effect on the marginal gap of inCoris TZI crowns.KeywordsCement space; Finish line; Marginal fit; Monolithic zirconia.

The embodied and the cultural in the conceptualization of pitch space in Croatian

Most conceptual metaphors that conceptualize musical pitch rely heavily on human perception, images and experience structured through spatial and orientation image schemas such as the schema of verticality. The paper analyses conceptual metaphors that structure pitch relations in terms of vertical space, thickness and size as they appear in the Croatian musical terminology. The image schemas of verticality and size are analysed within the conceptual metaphors pitch relations are relations in vertical space and pitch relations are relations in size in order to define to what extent their motivation is embodied and universal, and what can be attributed to cross-cultural and cross-linguistic influences present in the creation and understanding of music terminology in Croatia.

The effects of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine on in vitro fertilisation of porcine oocytes

High incidences of polyspermic penetration continue to challenge researchers during porcine in vitro fertilisation (IVF). The aim of this study was to reduce the incidence of polyspermy by increasing the perivitelline space thickness with glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) supplementation during oocyte maturation. After maturation, zona pellucida and perivitelline space thicknesses, intracellular glutathione concentrations and fertilisation kinetics were measured, in addition to embryonic cleavage and blastocyst formation at 48 h and 144 h after IVF, respectively. There were no significant differences between the treatments for zona pellucida thickness, penetration rates, male pronuclear formation or cortical granule exocytosis. Glucuronic acid supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) the perivitelline space thickness and significantly lowered the incidence (P < 0.05) of polyspermy. GlcNAc supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) intracellular glutathione concentrations. Supplementation with 0.005 mM glucuronic acid plus 0.005 mM GlcNAc during oocyte maturation produced significantly higher rates (P < 0.05) of cleavage and blastocyst formation by 48 and 144 h after IVF compared with all other groups. These results indicate that supplementing with 0.005 mM glucuronic acid and 0.005 mM GlcNAc during oocyte maturation decreases the incidence of polyspermic penetration by increasing perivitelline space thickness and improving embryo development in pigs.

Contributions to the study of orthodontic mini-implants anchorage

Orthodontic implants, called mini-implants or temporary anchorage devices, have been designed to meet the needs of orthodontic biomechanics. Having the goal of providing resistance to unwanted tooth movements, anchorage is chosen according to the main factors that influence the quality of orthodontic care. Of these, local factors such as bone quality, space, thickness of the gum, etc. should be correlated with those watching the mini-implant design, geometric and dimensional factors that are taken into account for the stability of the mini-implant. This paper summarizes some of the results of the research aimed to analyze the main factors of stability of mini-implants used for orthodontic anchorage and how to measure it using the mini-implants (design shape and dimensions) and a special equipment for testing the tensile strenghth.