In-Vivo Neuropharmacological and Anti-Nutrient Study of Methanolic Extract of Lemna Minor

Medicinal plants constitute an important natural wealth of a country. They play a significant role in providing primary health care services to rural people. They serve as therapeutic agents as well as important raw materials for the manufacture of traditional and modern medicine. Lemna minor, the common duckweed is an aquatic freshwater aquatic plant of the genus Lemna. They belong to the family of Lemnaceae, which is monophyletic to the Araceae family. The study assesses In-vivo Neuropharmacological and Anti Nutrient Study of methanolic extract of Lemna minor. The plants were collected from Chandpur were extracted in methanol solvents using soxhlet apparatus. Chemical tests to identify different anti nutrients, total phenolic and flavonids were carried out using specific reagents. Several test such as open field test, hole cross test, hole board test and phenobarbital induced sleeping time test are performed to check possible neurological activity.The study of anti-nutrient properties showed a very high amount of tannin (5.625gm/kg) but a low amount of phytic acid (0.03gm/kg) & alkaloids (0.526gm/kg) comparison with standard value. Total phenolic (19.22 GAE/g dry weight) and flavonoids (7.68 QE/g dry weight) content determine that Lemna minor have a very good amount of phenolic and flavanoids content and which may act as good anti-oxidant. In the study of in-vivo neurological activity the efficacy of Lemna minorextract was compared with standard anxiolytic drug diazepam (1 mg/kg b.w.) showed limited sedation as well as anxiolytic properties in mice. The present study of in-vivo & anti-nutrient is biological evaluation of this plant forms a primary platform for further phytochemical, anti-nutrient & pharmacological studies.

Vaccination Barriers for Adults

The growth of childhood vaccination in India has been increased over the past two decades as >25% of deaths due to infections are prevented with the help of vaccines. Vaccination is also recommended for adults where adult vaccination is mostly ignored in India. In India, childhood vaccination is considered the main priority, WHO has also issued guidelines for childhood vaccination. Generally, adults have less susceptible to traditional infectious agents but the probability of exposure to the infectious agents has increased. SO the problem of adult immunization should be considered. Vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in adults are more neglected. There are many reasons for the causes of the VPDs in adults. These can be prevented by immunization among adults. Each country should provide a proper guideline for adult vaccination. When it comes to India, our country doesn’t have proper guidelines for Adult immunization. As to decrease the morbidity and mortality in the life of a person the vaccine uptake for the immunization must be ensured. This article mainly focuses on the vaccine-preventable disease in India with the role of adult immunizations and the steps to ensure the betterment of the vaccine uptake among the adults.