Representation of Women and Underrepresented Groups in US Academic Medicine by Specialty

ABSTRACT While more women graduate from medical school, there is still unequal representation of women in academic medicine, especially in the senior levels of academia. Gender bias is a strong reason women leave academic medicine. Disparities in salary and promotion, conscious and unconscious bias and institutional policies create a culture that does not favor their recruitment and retention. This article reviews literature that describes the problem and potential solutions to individuals, departments and institutions. How to cite this article Horn KV. Gender Bias in Academic Medicine. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 8(1):97-99.

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Gender Representation in the American Politics Canon: An Analysis of Core Graduate Syllabi

Political Science and Politics ◽

10.1017/s1049096518000392 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (03) ◽

pp. 635-640 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sean M. Diament ◽

Adam J. Howat ◽

Matthew J. Lacombe

Keyword(s):

Graduate Students ◽

Identity Politics ◽

American Politics ◽

Gender Diversity ◽

Introductory Courses ◽

Underrepresented Groups ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Graduate Seminars ◽

Basic Level ◽

Unique Dataset

ABSTRACTCore graduate-level seminars, in many ways, establish the “canon” literature for scholars entering a discipline. In the study of American Politics, the contents of this canon vary widely across departments and instructors, with important implications for the perspectives to which graduate students are exposed. At a basic level, the demographic characteristics of the authors whose work is assigned can have a major impact on the diversity (or lack of diversity) of viewpoints presented in these introductory courses. Using a unique dataset derived from a survey of core American Politics graduate seminars at highly-ranked universities, this project assesses the gender diversity of the authors whose research is currently taught—overall and within a comprehensive list of topics and subtopics. We also assess the “substantive representation” of women (and other underrepresented groups) within the American Politics canon by examining the frequency with which gender, racial, and other forms of identity politics are taught in these introductory courses.

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Abstract 12: Gender Trends in Authorship of Cardiology Academic Literature - A 40-Year Perspective

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.11.suppl_1.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

David Ouyang ◽

David Sing ◽

Sonia Shah ◽

Robert Harrington ◽

Fatima Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Academic Medicine ◽

Medical Training ◽

European Heart Journal ◽

Female Physician ◽

Research Articles ◽

Original Research ◽

Female Representation ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Female Authors ◽

Prolific Authors

Background: Despite advances in the representation of women in medical training, women continue to be underrepresented in cardiology, academic medicine, and senior positions within academic medicine. This study seeks to determine the representation of female physician-investigators in cardiology through review of published literature in three prominent cardiology journals over time. Understanding disparities in research productivity can highlight barriers to female representation in academic cardiology. Methods: Authors of original research articles between 1980 and 2017 from three high impact cardiology journals (Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Circulation, and European Heart Journal) were extracted from PubMed. Author sex were determined and the proportion of female first and senior authors were calculated for consecutive time cohorts. Results: We identified 78,558 unique authors of 55,085 primary research articles. Female authors accounted for 33.1% of all authors, however they represented only 26.7% of first authors and 19.7% of senior authors (p < 0.001 for both). Looking at the most prolific authors, female authors are also underrepresented, accounting for only 5% of the top 100 authors. Conclusions: Using a large database of published manuscripts, we found that female representation in cardiology research has increased over the last four decades. However there is still disproportionate underrepresentation in first authorship, senior authorship and in authors with the most publications. In addition to recruiting more women into cardiology, further efforts should be made to identify and address barriers in advancement for female physician-scientists.

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Abstract WMP86: Persistent Gender and Racial Disparities Among Neurology Residents and Vascular Neurology Fellows Over the Past 10 Years

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.wmp86 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Pamela J Zelnick ◽

Lauren E Fournier ◽

Liang Zhu ◽

Sean I Savitz ◽

Anjail Z Sharrief

Keyword(s):

Racial Disparities ◽

Academic Medicine ◽

Women Physicians ◽

Underrepresented Minorities ◽

Chi Square ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

The Past ◽

National Priority ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Sample Proportion

Introduction: Women and minorities are underrepresented in academic medicine. There is little in the literature about gender and racial disparities among neurology or vascular neurology trainees. At the International Stroke Conference, women overall and women physicians have been underrepresented as invited speakers and abstract first authors, and there is recent momentum for improvement. Methods: Data were collected from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education public website. Dataset included neurology resident and vascular neurology fellow gender data from 2007 to 2017 and race data from 2011 to 2017. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and one-sample proportion test. Results: From 2007-2017, women represented 45% of all neurology trainees and only 33% of all vascular neurology fellows, both significantly lower than 50% (p<0.0001). There was no trend in the proportion of gender by year for vascular fellows (p=0.11) or neurology trainees (p=0.39). However, each year, except for 2012-2013 and 2015-2016 for vascular fellows, varied significantly by gender where men represented the largest proportion. Race varied by year for vascular fellows (p=0.03) and neurology trainees (p=0.017). Blacks and Hispanics represented the lowest proportions and Whites represented the highest proportion of both vascular and neurology trainees. When comparing Whites vs Non-Whites for both fellows (43% vs 57%; p=0.76) and residents (50% vs 50%; p=0.14), there was no trend in the proportions by year. Conclusions: Women, Black and Hispanic physicians remain underrepresented as vascular neurology trainees. The low representation of women and underrepresented minorities has not changed in the last decade. Addressing gender and racial disparities among trainees should be a high national priority for future medical and scientific contributions from these groups.

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Are we reaching gender parity among Palaeontology authors?

10.31219/osf.io/9puje ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Warnock ◽

Emma Dunne ◽

Sam Giles ◽

Erin Saupe ◽

Laura Soul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Underrepresented Groups ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Gender Parity ◽

The Past ◽

Female Authorship ◽

Using Data

We examine whether the proportion of women publishing in palaeontology is approaching parity, using data from the journal Palaeontology as a proxy for the discipline. This work was motivated by the sense that, despite increased representation of women, articles on palaeontological subjects almost never appear to have 50% female authorship, regardless of the journal. Indeed, we find that <20% of authors are female, and perhaps more surprisingly, insubstantial increase in the proportion of women contributing to the journal over the past 20 years. We highlight important barriers that remain for women and other underrepresented groups in science, and we make several recommendations to help improve their representation in palaeontology.

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