Effect of Actinomycin D on the Replication of Newcastle Disease and Influenza Viruses

2008 ◽  
pp. 96-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Granoff ◽  
D.W. Kingsbury
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Influenza Viruses

scholarly journals Detection of avian influenza virus and newcastle disease virus by duplex one step RT PCR

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Nidzworski ◽  
Krzysztof Smietanka ◽  
Zenon Minta ◽  
Bogusław Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
One Step

AbstractNewcastle disease Virus (NDV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, and Influenza virus, from the Orthomyxoviridae family, are two main avian pathogens that cause serious economic problems in poultry farming. NDV strains are classified into three major pathotypes: velogenic, mesogenic, and lentogenic. Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are also divided into: low pathogenic (LPAI) and highly pathogenic (HPAI) strains. Both viruses are enveloped, single stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses which give similar symptoms ranging from sub-clinical infections to severe disease, including loss in egg production, acute respiratory syndrome, and high mortality, depending on their level of pathogenicity. This similarity hinders diagnosis when based solely on clinical and post mortem examination. Most of the currently available molecular detection methods are also pathogenspecific, so that more than one RT-PCR is then required to confirm or exclude the presence of both pathogens. To overcome this disadvantage, we have applied a One Step Duplex RT-PCR method to distinguish between those two pathogens. The main objective of the project was to develop a universal, fast, and inexpensive method which could be used in any veterinary laboratory.

scholarly journals A MUCOPROTEIN DERIVED FROM HUMAN URINE WHICH REACTS WITH INFLUENZA, MUMPS, AND NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUSES

1952 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tamm ◽  
Frank L. Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Inactivation Process ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Kinetics Of

A mucoprotein, present in normal human urine, has been isolated and obtained in a state of a high degree of purity. A number of the biological, chemical, and physicochemical properties of the substance have been studied. From the results obtained in the present investigation and those reported in succeeding papers (34, 35) it appears that the mucoprotein has a high molecular weight, i.e., of the order of 7.0 x 106, consists of thread-like molecules which have axial ratios of approximately 100, and is specifically antigenic. This substance, which appears to be free of contaminating material, possesses in extraordinary degree the capacity to react with influenza, mumps, and Newcastle disease viruses. At equilibrium, with influenza virus, the minimal amount of the substance capable of giving a demonstrable reaction with one hemagglutinating unit of virus appears to be about 0.0003 µg. The mucoprotein is altered by preparations of influenza viruses and its capacity to react with these agents or others is lost. The kinetics of the inactivation process brought about by influenza viruses is in accord with those of well known enzyme-substrate systems. With the exception of the capacity to react with viruses, altered mucoprotein did not differ from the native substance relative to any of the properties examined in the present study. That certain physicochemical properties of the altered mucoprotein are different from those of the native substance is demonstrated in succeeding papers (34, 35).

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