Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species in Cardiovascular Disease

2013 ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Mahmood Khan ◽  
Fatemat Hassan ◽  
Sashwati Roy ◽  
Chandan K. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Accelerated senescence in kidneys of low-birth-weight rats after catch-up growth

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (6) ◽  
pp. F1697-F1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie A. Luyckx ◽  
Catharine A. Compston ◽  
Thomas Simmen ◽  
Thomas F. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Catch Up

Epidemiological studies show a strong association between low birth weight and hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease, especially after catch-up growth. Senescence is an important contributor to the progression of chronic disease. Developmentally programmed premature senescence may be a link among low birth weight, catch-up growth, and adult disease. Low birth weight was induced by feeding pregnant rats a low-protein diet from day 12 of gestation to 10 days postdelivery. Low- and normal-birth-weight male offspring were weaned onto regular or high-calorie diets to enhance catch-up growth. Kidneys and hearts of offspring were analyzed for RNA and protein markers of stress-induced senescence (p16, p21, p53, Rb). Markers of mitochondrial stress (p66Shc) and activation of endoplasmic reticulum protein secretion (Ero1α) were analyzed as regulators of reactive oxygen species generation. Reactive oxygen species are known to be associated with premature aging. Senescence markers were not different in low- or normal-birth-weight kidneys at birth. During rapid catch-up growth, p16 and p21 increased significantly in low-birth-weight kidneys and hearts ( P < 0.01). Renal p16 levels increased progressively and were significantly higher in low-birth-weight kidneys at 3 and 6 mo ( P ≤ 0.02). Renal p66Shc and Ero1α were significantly higher in low- compared with normal- birth-weight kidneys at 6 mo, suggesting reactive oxygen species generation ( P ≤ 0.03). Low-birth-weight rats exhibit accelerated senescence in kidneys and hearts after rapid catch-up growth, a likely important link between early growth and subsequent hypertension, renal, and cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Lycopene Deficiency in Ageing and Cardiovascular Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan M. Petyaev
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Lycopene is a hydrocarbon phytochemical belonging to the tetraterpene carotenoid family and is found in red fruit and vegetables. Eleven conjugated double bonds predetermine the antioxidant properties of lycopene and its ability to scavenge lipid peroxyl radicals, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide. Lycopene has a low bioavailability rate and appears in the blood circulation incorporated into chylomicrons and other apo-B containing lipoproteins. The recent body of evidence suggests that plasma concentration of lycopene is not only a function of intestinal absorption rate but also lycopene breakdown via enzymatic and oxidative pathways in blood and tissues. Oxidative stress and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide may represent a major cause of lycopene depletion in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It has been shown recently that low carotenoid levels, and especially decreased serum lycopene levels, are strongly predictive of all-cause mortality and poor outcomes of cardiovascular disease. However, there is a poor statistical association between dietary and serum lycopene levels which occurs due to limited bioavailability of lycopene from dietary sources. Hence, it is very unlikely that nutritional intervention alone could be instrumental in the correction of lycopene and carotenoid deficiency. Therefore, new nutraceutical formulations of carotenoids with enhanced bioavailability are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Astaxanthin untuk Kesehatan Kardiovaskular

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Rana Salsabila Putri Laja
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Adanya dislipidemia, gangguan toleransi glukosa, dan hipertensi dengan akumulasi lemak visceral yang disebut sindrom metabolik, meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Sindrom metabolik sering ditandai dengan stres oksidatif, gangguan keseimbangan antara produksi reactive oxygen species dan pertahanan antioksidan. Sementara itu, astaxanthine diketahui  memiliki karakteristik antioksidan yang kuat, yang telah dilaporkan melampaui karakteristik β-karoten atau bahkan α-tokoferol. Penelitian ini merupakan  literature review yang melibatkan sebanyak 20 sumber pustaka dengan kata kunci yang digunakan antara lain ‘astaxanthin, cardiovascular disease dan xanthophyll carotenoid’ dengan tahun terbit antara 2006-2020. Abstrak dan full text jurnal dibaca dan dicermati, kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap isi yang terdapat dalam tujuan penelitian dan hasil/temuan penelitian. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan adanya beberapa manfaat yang dapat secara langsung atau tidak langsung dari astaxanthin berkaitan dengan potensi antioksidannya, termasuk kemampuannya untuk mengurangi atau menetralkan produksi ROS, sehingga meningkatkan aktivitas enzim pembersih radikal. Astaxanthin juga berperan sebagai anti inflamasi dan berperan dalam metabolisme lipid melalui efek hipokolesterolemik serta melindungi dari iskemia reperfusi. Astaxanthin di ketahui dapat memberikan manfaat bagi kesehatan kardiovaskular melalui berbagai mekanisme seperti peran antioksidan yang lebih baik, anti inflamasi, efek hipokolesterolemik dalam metabolisme lipid dan melindungi dari iskemia reperfusi.

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