Mass Casualties and the Obstetrical Patient

AbstractThe immediate patterns of injury from explosions are well documented, from both military and civil experience. However, few studies have focused on less immediately apparent health consequences and latent effects of explosions in survivors, emergency responders and the surrounding community. This review aimed to analyze the risks to health following an explosion in a civil setting.A comprehensive review of the open literature was conducted, and data on 10 relevant military, civilian and industrial events were collected. Events were selected according to availability of published studies and involvement of large numbers of people injured. In addition, structured interviews with experts in the field were conducted, and existing national guidelines reviewed.The review revealed significant and potentially long-term health implications affecting various body systems and psychological well-being following exposure to an explosion. An awareness of the short- and long-term health effects of explosions is essential in screening for blast injuries, and identifying latent pathologies that could otherwise be overlooked in stressful situations with other visually distracting injuries and, often, mass casualties. Such knowledge would guide responsible medical staff in implementing early appropriate interventions to reduce the burden of long-term sequelae. Effective planning and response strategies would ensure accessibility of appropriate health care resources and evidence-based information in the aftermath of an explosion.Finlay SE, Earby M, Baker DJ, Murray VSG. Explosions and human health: the long-term effects of blast injury. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(4):1-7.

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Postexposure Interventions to Prevent Infection With HBV, HCV, or HIV, and Tetanus in People Wounded During Bombings and Other Mass Casualty Events—United States, 2008: Recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1097/dmp.0b013e318187ac66 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 150-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Louisa E. Chapman ◽

Ernest E. Sullivent ◽

Lisa A. Grohskopf ◽

Elise M. Beltrami ◽

Joseph F. Perz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Disease Control ◽

Emergency Response ◽

Mass Casualty ◽

Acute Injury ◽

Mass Casualties ◽

Public Health Preparedness ◽

Mass Casualty Event ◽

Public Health Officials ◽

Centers For Disease Control

ABSTRACTPeople wounded during bombings or other events resulting in mass casualties or in conjunction with the resulting emergency response may be exposed to blood, body fluids, or tissue from other injured people and thus be at risk for bloodborne infections such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, or tetanus. This report adapts existing general recommendations on the use of immunization and postexposure prophylaxis for tetanus and for occupational and nonoccupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens to the specific situation of a mass casualty event. Decisions regarding the implementation of prophylaxis are complex, and drawing parallels from existing guidelines is difficult. For any prophylactic intervention to be implemented effectively, guidance must be simple, straightforward, and logistically undemanding. Critical review during development of this guidance was provided by representatives of the National Association of County and City Health Officials, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists, and representatives of the acute injury care, trauma, and emergency response medical communities participating in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Terrorism Injuries: Information, Dissemination and Exchange project. The recommendations contained in this report represent the consensus of US federal public health officials and reflect the experience and input of public health officials at all levels of government and the acute injury response community. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:150–165)

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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF BOMB DETECTOR AS ANTICIPATION OF TERRORISM THREAT TO PUBLIC SERVICES

Jurnal Pertahanan ◽

10.33172/jp.v7i1.713 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 170

Author(s):

Iris Sumariyanto ◽

Asep Adang Supriyadi ◽

I Nengah Putra A

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Conceptual Design ◽

Systems Engineering ◽

Public Services ◽

Mass Casualties ◽

Intelligence System ◽

Three Stages ◽

Metal Detectors ◽

Security Surveillance ◽

Processing Device

<p>Acts of terrorism are crimes and serious violations of human rights, also the threat of violence that can cause mass casualties and destruction of vital strategic objects. This is an urgent threat that needs to be prepared by designing a bomb detector conceptual design as anticipation of the threat of terrorism in public services. This study aims to obtain operational requirements and conceptual design of bomb detectors as detection of terrorism threats in public services. This study uses a mixed-method with a systems engineering approach and a life cycle model to produce a technological design. The results of operational requirements are sensors, standards, artificial intelligence, integration capability, reliability, calibration mode, portable, and easy to maintain. The configuration design is divided into three stages, namely, 1) sensors including a camera security surveillance system vector image, metal detectors, explosive detectors, and A-jamming; 2) as a processing device, processes an order with the help of an artificial intelligence system; and 3) a security computer (surveillance), early warning, and mobile information to provide information to related agencies, especially the anti-terror unit.</p>

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Disaster Preparedness

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x0004406x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

pp. 118-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. L. Quarantelli

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Emergency Medical Service ◽

Disaster Preparedness ◽

Large Scale ◽

Medical Service ◽

The United States ◽

Mass Casualties ◽

Disaster Plan ◽

Emergency Medical

The 1973 Emergency Medical Services System Act in the United States mandates that one of the 15 functions to be performed by every EMS system is coordinated disaster planning. Implicit in the legislation is the assumption that everyday emergency medical service (EMS) systems will be the basis for the provisions of EMS in extraordinary mass emergencies, or in the language of the act, during “mass casualties, natural disasters or national emergencies.” Policy interpretations of the Act specified that the EMS system must have links to local, regional and state disaster plans and must participate in biannual disaster plan exercises. Thus, the newly established EMS systems have been faced with both planning for, as well as providing services in large-scale disasters.

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