Alteration in Carbohydrate Metabolism Modulates Thermotolerance of Plant under Heat Stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseline Xalxo ◽  
Bhumika Yadu ◽  
Jipsi Chandra ◽  
Vibhuti Chandrakar ◽  
S. Keshavkant
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism

scholarly journals The Crosstalk of Melatonin and Hydrogen Sulfide Determines Photosynthetic Performance by Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Wheat under Heat Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Harsha Gautam ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Photosynthesis is a pivotal process that determines the synthesis of carbohydrates required for sustaining growth under normal or stress situation. Stress exposure reduces the photosynthetic potential owing to the excess synthesis of reactive oxygen species that disturb the proper functioning of photosynthetic apparatus. This decreased photosynthesis is associated with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism resulting in reduced growth under stress. We evaluated the importance of melatonin in reducing heat stress-induced severity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. The plants were subjected to 25 °C (optimum temperature) or 40 °C (heat stress) for 15 days at 6 h time duration and then developed the plants for 30 days. Heat stress led to oxidative stress with increased production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and reduced accrual of total soluble sugars, starch and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes which were reflected in reduced photosynthesis. Application of melatonin not only reduced oxidative stress through lowering TBARS and H2O2 content, augmenting the activity of antioxidative enzymes but also increased the photosynthesis in plant and carbohydrate metabolism that was needed to provide energy and carbon skeleton to the developing plant under stress. However, the increase in these parameters with melatonin was mediated via hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the inhibition of H2S by hypotaurine (HT; H2S scavenger) reversed the ameliorative effect of melatonin. This suggests a crosstalk of melatonin and H2S in protecting heat stress-induced photosynthetic inhibition via regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

Six Days Of Mild Heat Stress Reduces Inflammation & Carbohydrate Metabolism Bias in C2C12 Myotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Mandy C. Szymanski ◽  
Kyle L. Sunderland ◽  
Roger A. Vaughan ◽  
Matthew R. Kuennen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Mild Heat

scholarly journals The Crosstalk of Melatonin and Hydrogen Sulfide Determines Photosynthetic Performance by Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Wheat under Heat Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Harsha Gautam ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Photosynthesis is a pivotal process that determines the synthesis of carbohydrates required for sustaining growth under normal or stress situation. Stress exposure reduces the photosynthetic potential owing to the excess synthesis of reactive oxygen species that disturb the proper functioning of photosynthetic apparatus. This decreased photosynthesis is associated with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism resulting in reduced growth under stress. We evaluated the importance of melatonin in reducing heat stress-induced severity in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). The plants were subjected to 25 ˚C (optimum temperature) or 40 ˚C (heat stress) for 15 days at 6 hours time duration and then developed the plants for 30 days. Heat stress led to oxidative stress with increased production of TBARS and H2O2 content and reduced accrual of total soluble sugars, starch and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes which are reflected in reduced photosynthesis. Application of melatonin not only reduced oxidative stress through lowering TBARS and H2O2 content, through augmenting the activity of antioxidative enzymes but also increased the photosynthesis in plant and carbohydrate metabolism that is needed to provide energy and carbon skeleton to the developing plant under stress. However, the increase in these parameters with melatonin was mediated via hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the inhibition of H2S by hypotaurine (HT; H2S inhibitor) reversed the ameliorative effect of melatonin. This suggests a crosstalk of melatonin and H2S in protecting heat stress-induced photosynthetic inhibition via regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

Heat Stress at Reproductive Stage Disrupts Leaf Carbohydrate Metabolism, Impairs Reproductive Function, and Severely Reduces Seed Yield in Lentil

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpna Bhandari ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽  
Neil C. Turner ◽  
Jagmeet Kaur ◽  
Sarvjeet Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Stage

scholarly journals Primary carbohydrate metabolism genes participate in heat stress memory at the shoot apical meristem of Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Jadwiga Olas ◽  
Federico Apelt ◽  
Maria Grazia Annunziata ◽  
Sarah Isabel Richard ◽  
Saurabh Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Heat Shock Transcription Factors ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism Genes

AbstractAlthough we have a good understanding of the development of shoot apical meristems (SAM) in higher plants, and the function of the stem cells (SCs) embedded in the SAM, there is surprisingly little known of its molecular responses to abiotic stresses. Here, we show that the SAM of Arabidopsis thaliana senses heat stress (HS) and retains an autonomous molecular memory of a previous non-lethal HS, allowing the SAM to regain growth after exposure to an otherwise lethal HS several days later. Using RNA-seq, we identified genes participating in establishing a SAM-specific HS memory. The genes include HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTORs (HSFs), of which HSFA2 is essential, but not sufficient, for full HS memory in the SAM, the SC regulators CLAVATA1 (CLV1) and CLV3, and several primary carbohydrate metabolism genes, including FRUCTOSE-BISPHOSPHATE ALDOLASE 6 (FBA6). We found that expression of FBA6 during HS at the SAM complements that of FBA8 in the same organ. Furthermore, we show that sugar availability at the SAM is essential for survival at high-temperature HS. Collectively, plants have evolved a sophisticated protection mechanism to maintain SCs and, hence, their capacity to re-initiate shoot growth after stress release.

scholarly journals Effect of acute heat stress and slaughter processing on poultry meat quality and postmortem carbohydrate metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 738-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Wang ◽  
R.R. Liang ◽  
H. Lin ◽  
L.X. Zhu ◽  
Y.M. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Acute Heat Stress

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of the Protective Effect of Early Heat Exposure Against Chronic Heat Stress in Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darae Kang ◽  
Kwan Seob Shim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Thermal Reactions ◽  
Liver Proteome

Abstract BackgroundThe increasing trend of global warming has affected the livestock industry through the heat stress caused to the animals. Among them, poultry are the most susceptible to heat stress, which results in serious production problems. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms related to the thermal reactions and thermal resistance in poultry would be helpful toward resolving the production issues. In this study, whole proteome analysis was carried out to identify differentially expressed proteins in the liver tissue of broilers under chronic heat stress (35℃/24 h, each day between the broiler ages of 21–35 days). Additionally, the effect of early heat exposure (40℃/24 h, for 1 day only on chicks at 5 days of age) was determined.ResultsIn total, 277 differentially expressed proteins due to chronic heat stress were identified (132 downregulated and 145 upregulated). Of those, 95 proteins were regulated by early heat exposure (42 downregulated and 53 upregulated during chronic heat stress). Of the 95 proteins, 8 were related to actin metabolism. According to the KEGG analysis, the proteins were mainly involved in pathways for carbon metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Under chronic heat stress, the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism were expressed in such a way as to promote the metabolism of carbohydrates, which is the natural means to reduce body temperature but may well induce cell damage.ConclusionEarly heat exposure reduced the heat stress-induced expression changes of select proteins, indicating the adaptability of the animal to chronic heat stress. The determination of the differentially expressed proteins in the liver proteome under chronic heat stress and early heat exposure suggests that the liver of broilers has various physiological mechanisms for regulating homeostasis to aid heat resistance.

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