Production Organization and Digitalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 413-413
1930 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-728
Author(s):  
Theodore O. Yntema

Author(s):  
Olga V. Krasnyanskaya ◽  

Despite the fact that Russia remained among the ten leading countries by the share of costs for technological innovations in the total volume of delivered products, the gap in the level of innovation performance remained serious. In terms of the specific weight of technological innovation costs in the total volume of the delivered goods, performed works and rendered services (2,1%), Russia in 2018 ranked 9 th among European countries. In terms of its share of the research and development costs in the total cost of technological innovations (45,2%) – 14th place and in terms of the specific weight of the innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of goods delivered, works performed, services rendered (6,5%) – 24th place out of 30. An analysis of the foreign and Russian experience of the innovation organization showed that in order to multiply the share of innovative industrial products in the total production, it was necessary to create such a system of organization and management of scientific and tech- nological development, which, unlike current practice and by analogy with the key principle of modern concepts of the production organization – the principle of “pulling” – would be able to form a real paid demand for applied R & D and subsequently for basic research. At the same time, in addition to the existing stream of ideas from academic science to production, it is necessary to organize a back-stream of demand – from the factory science, which is at the forefront of understanding the current needs of industry – to the applied one and then to academic science within the range of issues really essential for production.


Author(s):  
Boris Bazrov

The influence of production specialization for its effectiveness increase is shown; there are considered specialization characteristics. Ties are established between levels of production organization forms, a production subject, technology for its production and a specialization form. There is offered a procedure for the choice of a specialization form on criterion of maximum effectiveness increase achievement in production.


FLORESTA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Zbigniew Mazuchowski ◽  
Alessandro Camargo Angelo

ResumoO cultivo da bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) com finalidade energética existe há mais de 100 anos. Atividade típica da pequena propriedade rural, é cultivada com base na regeneração natural desde a segunda rotação. A madeira é valiosa, com características para uso em várias alternativas industriais, especialmente pela movelaria. Após expansão da área cultivada durante muitos anos, atualmente ocorre redução gradual dessa área plantada. Este estudo buscou identificar as causas de redução dos plantios e outros entraves para o produtor de bracatinga. Em paralelo, procurou definir uma proposta de incremento do manejo dos plantios de bracatinga, enfatizando o uso da madeira pela indústria de móveis. Faz-se análise do produtor, da posse das terras e da disponibilidade de mão de obra, do manejo dos plantios e a remuneração da madeira, aliada ao confronto com as restrições pelos órgãos ambientais, carências organizacionais dos produtores e impedimentos para a atividade estabelecida pela sociedade urbana. Os dados do estudo apontam para uma realidade em que a cadeia produtiva da bracatinga será extinta a curto prazo caso seja mantida a atual intervenção do serviço de fiscalização com rígido enfoque ambientalista, aliado ao desconhecimento da realidade rural na atual ótica da sociedade urbana. AbstractCaracterization and impediments for bracatinga production system in Curitiba’s Metropolitan Region. Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) cultivation for energetic purposes subsists to more than one hundred years. Typical activity in small rural properties, it is cultivated based on natural regeneration after second rotation. The wood is valuable, and it has characteristics for many alternatives of industrials uses, especially in furniture industry. After many years of expansion of the cultivated area, presently there is a gradual reduction on bracatinga’s cultivation area. This research aims to identify causes of such plantings reduction and other impediments to bracatinga’s producers, it also aims to define one proposal to bracatinga plantation development focusingits wood use in furniture industry. Therefore, it analyses bracatinga’s producers, land ownerships and manual work accessibility, plantation managements and wood remuneration, associated to their confront against environmental public services obstructions, organizational needs of bracatinga`s producers and opposition to the rural activity that is established by urban society. The data analyzed points to a reality in which bracatinga’s cultivation chain will be extinguished in short time whether it is maintained the actual intervention of inspection services with rigid environmental limitations, associated to the acknowledge of rural reality by the urban society.Keywords: Bracatinga’s silviculture; land ownership; medium space; environmental limitations; production organization. 


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