SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CONCEPT OF REFORMING THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
Olga V. Krasnyanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Development Costs ◽  
Production Organization ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Despite the fact that Russia remained among the ten leading countries by the share of costs for technological innovations in the total volume of delivered products, the gap in the level of innovation performance remained serious. In terms of the specific weight of technological innovation costs in the total volume of the delivered goods, performed works and rendered services (2,1%), Russia in 2018 ranked 9 th among European countries. In terms of its share of the research and development costs in the total cost of technological innovations (45,2%) – 14th place and in terms of the specific weight of the innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of goods delivered, works performed, services rendered (6,5%) – 24th place out of 30. An analysis of the foreign and Russian experience of the innovation organization showed that in order to multiply the share of innovative industrial products in the total production, it was necessary to create such a system of organization and management of scientific and tech- nological development, which, unlike current practice and by analogy with the key principle of modern concepts of the production organization – the principle of “pulling” – would be able to form a real paid demand for applied R & D and subsequently for basic research. At the same time, in addition to the existing stream of ideas from academic science to production, it is necessary to organize a back-stream of demand – from the factory science, which is at the forefront of understanding the current needs of industry – to the applied one and then to academic science within the range of issues really essential for production.

The Politicization of Science and Technology: Its Implications for Nanotechnology

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Jotterand
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Scientific Ethos ◽  
Broad Meaning ◽  
Traditional Understanding ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development ◽  
The Ideal

Nanotechnology represents, in part, a technological revolution in the sense that it allows highly innovative applications of various areas of the physical and life sciences. The development of nanotechnology and nanoscience, however, intensifies challenges to the traditional understanding of how to pursue scientific and technological knowledge. Science (in its broad meaning) can no longer be construed simply as the ideal of the quest for truth (i.e., “pure science”). Science, through its technological applications, has become the source of economic power and, by extension, political power. Science, with its political implications, has entered what John Ziman calls the era of “post-academic science.”In this paper, I argue that nanotechnology is a cardinal exemplar of this politicization, that is, the convergence of science, technology, politics, and economics for social and governmental purposes. At the same time, I assert that this new scientific ethos offers the possibility of a better integration of ethical and philosophical reflections at the core of scientific and technological development.

Technological Innovation in China's Recent Industrialization

1984 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Conroy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The intimate, though as yet imperfectly understood, causal relation-ship between scientific and technological development and the economic growth in industrially advanced countries over the past 30 years has been investigated and refined over a number of years, and attempts have been made to quantify the relationship. Although a strong scientific and technological (S & T) base does not by itself guarantee rapid economic growth, most observers consider it to be a necessary prerequisite, after a certain level of development has been reached. One of the main ways that S & T act on the economic system is by the generation of new knowledge through research activities and the application of this in production. Such application often results in new products and processes which are grouped under the term “technological innovations.” The innovation process is usually defined as “the technical, industrial and commercial steps which lead to the successful marketing of new manufactured products and/or to the commercial use of technically new processes or equipment.”

EDITORIAL

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
J. A. dos Reis Parise
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Present Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
One Step ◽  
Thermal Sciences ◽  
Development Department ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The present issue of Engenharia Térmica debuts a new numeration system that includes year, volume and number. It is one step forward for improving registry efficiency and knowledge dissemination, fostering interaction between faculty and industry, one of the original editorial objectives of Engenharia Térmica, established in 2001.A considerable amount of resources has been directed to research, aiming at the scientific and technological development of nations. When accounting for the granted funds, the researcher should go beyond the simple technical reporting, ensuring that the produced knowledge should be available to society in its most broad and disseminated way. This is only possible with the publication of the results of his/her work on a periodical of archival value, made available to the public in libraries or in the internet. Engenharia Térmica contributes to this effort by allowing for publication of scientific and technological work in the area of Thermal Sciences, which will find application in key areas to the world, such as Energy and Environment.Also, submission of work derived from the cooperation between university and industry, or originated directly from the industry’s own research and development department, is strongly encouraged.The present issue further contains expanded and revised papers that have originally been presented at ENCIT 2002 (9th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Engineering and Sciences). This has been a successful policy of Engenharia Térmica, which should be extended to other ABCM (Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences) national conferences, COBEM and CONEM,and to thematic events, such as, for example, Mercofrio and Conbrava, from Refrigeration.As in the past issues of Engenharia Térmica, two main sections classify the papers. Science contains papers related to the advancements of Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics and Heat and Mass Transfer, and to novel theories or advanced numerical and experimental methods. Technology is directed to technological contributions in Thermal Engineering, including the presentation of papers featuring technological innovations.

scholarly journals Estimation of the place of Russia in the world by specific weight in the number of applications for patents

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-39
Author(s):  
F. A. Kurakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Patent Activity ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Target Indicator ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

One of the goals of the national project “Science” is to ensure the presence of the Russian Federation among the five leading countries of the world, carrying out research and development in areas defined by the priorities of scientific and technological development. To monitor the achievement of this goal, an indicator was proposed “the place of the Russian Federation by share in the total number of applications for obtaining a patent for an invention filed in the world by areas determined by the priorities of scientific and technological development”. The analysis of risks and barriers to achieving this target indicator, as well as the identification of problems associated with the increase in patent activity in the domestic sector of knowledge generation, was performed. As the main risk of not achieving the target, low patent activity of domestic industrial companies is named, which is not economically feasible to compensate for by high patent activity of universities.

On The Way to New Heights

2018 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Владислав Панченко ◽  
Vladislav Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article summarizes the main findings of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in 25 years. There has been a positive impact of the merger between the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Russian Foundation for Humanities. Following public policy and pursuing its new opportunities, the Foundation is stepping up its support for the interdisciplinary research that can provide answers to the global challenges of our time. The new RFBR Strategy Program is focused on supporting comprehensive studies in line of priority areas outlined in the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development until 2035. The Young Scientists Support Program is described. It is reported about the preparations for the Annual Meeting of the Global Research Council.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-713
Author(s):  
A. A. Shirov ◽  
N. N. Sapova ◽  
E. S. Uzyakova ◽  
R. M. Uzyakov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
The State ◽  
Rail Freight ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

In the article “Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport” by Alexander A. Shirov, Natalia N. Sapova, Elena S. Uzyakova, and Rafael M. Uzyakov, which appeared on pages 1–15 of the 1, 2021 issue, Vol. 17, the Acknowledgments section was omitted. In the online version of the paper the following text of the Acknowledgments section was added: Acknowledgments The article has been prepared with the support of a grant in the form of a subsidy for large scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development in the framework of the subprogramme “Basic research for long-term development and ensuring the competitiveness of society and the state” of the state programme «Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation», the project “Social and Economic Development of Asiatic Russia on The Base of The Synergy of Transport Accessibility, Systemic Knowledge about Natural Resource Potential and Expanding Space of Interregional Interactions”, the agreement No. 075-15-2020-804 with the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (internal grant No. 13.1902.21.0016). This error does not affect the conclusions of the paper. The article has been corrected online.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

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