Towards a Large-Scale Asymmetric Reduction Process with Isolated Enzymes: Expression of an (S)-Alcohol Dehydrogenase in E.coli and Studies on the Synthetic Potential of this Biocatalyst

2003 ◽  
Vol 345 (12) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Hummel ◽  
Kofi Abokitse ◽  
Karlheinz Drauz ◽  
Claudia Rollmann ◽  
Harald Gröger
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Asymmetric Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process

Large-scale synthesis of high-content Fe nanotubes/nanorings with high magnetization by H2 reduction process

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 5003-5007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Minrui Zheng ◽  
Yunbo Lv ◽  
Jie Fang ◽  
Chorng Haur Sow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Large Scale Synthesis

scholarly journals Large-Scale Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Aqueous Reduction for Low-Temperature Sintering Bonding

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Xiliang ◽  
Cao Yang ◽  
Lin Tiesong ◽  
He Peng ◽  
Wang Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Low Temperature Sintering ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Sintering Characteristics

Silver nanoparticles with average diameter of 22.4 nm were prepared by aqueous reduction method for low-temperature sintering bonding application. The reaction temperature and PVP concentration, which are the influential factors of nanoparticle characteristics, were investigated during reduction process. In our research, monodispersity of nanoparticles was remarkably improved while unfavorable agglomeration was avoided with the AgNO3/PVP mass ratio of 1 : 4 at the reaction temperature 30°C. Besides, copper pads were successfully bonded using sintering paste employing fresh silver nanoparticles with diameter of 20~35 nm at 200°C. In addition, after morphology of the bonding joint was analysed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the porous sintering characteristics were confirmed.

scholarly journals Model Order Reduction of Large-Scale Finite Element Systems in an MPI Parallelized Environment for Usage in Multibody Simulation

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Volzer ◽  
Peter Eberhard
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Model Reduction ◽  
Message Passing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Message Passing Interface ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Multibody Simulation ◽  
Elastic Bodies

Abstract The use of elastic bodies within a multibody simulation became more and more important within the last years. To include the elastic bodies, described as a finite element model in multibody simulations, the dimension of the system of ordinary differential equations must be reduced by projection. For this purpose, in this work, the modal reduction method, a component mode synthesis based method and a moment-matching method are used. Due to the always increasing size of the non-reduced systems, the calculation of the projection matrix leads to a large demand of computational resources and cannot be done on usual serial computers with available memory. In this paper, the model reduction software Morembs++ is presented using a parallelization concept based on the message passing interface to satisfy the need of memory and reduce the runtime of the model reduction process. Additionally, the behaviour of the Block-Krylov-Schur eigensolver, implemented in the Anasazi package of the Trilinos project, is analysed with regard to the choice of the size of the Krylov base, the block size and the number of blocks. Besides, an iterative solver is considered within the CMS-based method.

Application of Sulfate Reduction for the Biological Conversion of Anglesite to Galena

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Wolthoorn ◽  
Simon Kuitert ◽  
Henk Dijkman ◽  
Jacco L. Huisman
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Flotation Process ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Process ◽  
Biological Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Ph Decrease

In a bench scale trial biological sulfate reduction was applied to convert anglesite (PbSO4) to galena (PbS). Anglesite is a main constituent of waste fractions such as the residue from an indirect leaching process or in lead paste from spent car batteries. The goal of this study was to develop a technology to decrease the lead (Pb) emissions by converting PbSO4 from a waste fraction into PbS, which can be recovered from the waste fraction using a flotation process or an electrochemical process. The conversion of anglesite to galena is based on the biological sulfate reduction process and a metal precipitation process. First sulfate is biologically reduced to sulfide. Secondly, the Pb2+ from the PbSO4 reacts chemically with the sulfide resulting from the first reaction. A bench-scale reactor was started up using sulfate- and sulfur-containing influent. The reactor was seeded with biocatalyst from several full-scale reactors. Anglesite-containing residue was added batch-wise when the formation of sulfide started. The residue contained mainly PbSO4 (51.7%), sulfate (SO4 2-, 19.9%) and elemental sulfur (S0, 15.1%). Galena precipitates in the bioreactor due to the near-neutral pH at which sulfate reduction is carried out. During the experiment a surplus of sulfide relative to Pb was maintained to prevent the formation of PbCO3 and the accompanying pH decrease that would unavoidable result in the inhibition of the biocatalyst. Both sulfate and sulfur present in the residue were biologically reduced. The formation of PbS was confirmed by the increased Pb:O ratio of the sludge (1:0.03) relative to the Pb:O ratio of the residue (1:0.3). A potential large-scale application is proposed.

scholarly journals Preparation of Layered Polyethylene Oxide/rGOComposite: Flexible Lateral Heat Spreaders

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Fubin Luo ◽  
Pinping Yan ◽  
Qingrong Qian ◽  
Hongzhou Li ◽  
Baoquan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Heat Spreaders ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Original Configuration

In this paper, high thermal conductive polyethylene oxide (PEO)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite is prepared via large-scale green reduction. Flexible layered PEO/GO composites are pre-prepared in aqueous solution. It is demonstrated that PEO chains can form hydrogen bonds with GO. Being driven by hydrogen bonds, GO/PEO composites show homogeneous and lateral highly oriented structures, resulting in excellent mechanical properties. The pre-prepared composite films are large scale soaked into ascorbic acid solution. GO nanosheets in the matrix of the composites can be reduced by ascorbic acid. The results indicate that PEO chains can repair the damage of the films caused by the reduction process. Therefore, the films can maintain their original configuration and still keep excellent flexibility. By comparison, pristine GO films are totally destroyed when the same reduction is experienced. Due to the presence of PEO, the lateral highly oriented structure of the composite will not be damaged. After reduction, the thermal conductivity of the composite reaches to 12.03 W m−1 K−1 along the rGO nanosheet oriented direction.

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