Synthesis of Benzoquinone Ansamycin-Inspired Macrocyclic Lactams from Shikimic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 125 (18) ◽  
pp. 4900-4904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valer Jeso ◽  
Sarah Iqbal ◽  
Pamela Hernandez ◽  
Michael D. Cameron ◽  
HaJeung Park ◽  
...  
2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (18) ◽  
pp. 4800-4804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valer Jeso ◽  
Sarah Iqbal ◽  
Pamela Hernandez ◽  
Michael D. Cameron ◽  
HaJeung Park ◽  
...  

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Reda E. Abdelhameed ◽  
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef ◽  
Rania S. Shehata

Considering the detrimental effects of salt stress on the physiological mechanisms of plants in terms of growth, development and productivity, intensive efforts are underway to improve plant tolerance to salinity. Hence, an experiment was conducted to assess the impact of the foliar application of salicylic acid (SA; 0.5 mM) on the physiological traits of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) plants grown under three salt concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl). An increase in salt concentration generated a decrease in the chlorophyll content index (CCI); however, the foliar application of SA boosted the CCI. The malondialdehyde content increased in salt-stressed fenugreek plants, while a reduction in content was observed with SA. Likewise, SA application induced an accumulation of proline, total phenolics, and flavonoids. Moreover, further increases in total free amino acids and shikimic acid were observed with the foliar application of SA, in either control or salt-treated plants. Similar results were obtained for ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and catalase with SA application. Hence, we concluded that the foliar application of SA ameliorates salinity, and it is a growth regulator that improves the tolerance of fenugreek plants under salt stress.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiangxiao Meng ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Linfang Huang ◽  
Shilin Chen

1974 ◽  
Vol 15 (48) ◽  
pp. 4201-4204 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.B. Herbert ◽  
F.G. Holliman ◽  
J.B. Sheridan
Keyword(s):  

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2733-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco D’Alessandro ◽  
Matthias Held ◽  
Yann Triponez ◽  
Ted C. J. Turlings

Synlett ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Cuellar ◽  
Ramón Estévez ◽  
Natalia Quiñones ◽  
Viviana Vera ◽  
Cristian Salas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

ChemInform ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Na Quan ◽  
Liang-Deng Nie ◽  
Rui-Heng Zhu ◽  
Xiao-Xin Shi ◽  
Wei Ding ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 10761-10772 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Steimer ◽  
M. Lampimäki ◽  
E. Coz ◽  
G. Grzinic ◽  
M. Ammann

Abstract. Atmospheric soluble organic aerosol material can become solid or semi-solid. Due to increasing viscosity and decreasing diffusivity, this can impact important processes such as gas uptake and reactivity within aerosols containing such substances. This work explores the dependence of shikimic acid ozonolysis on humidity and thereby viscosity. Shikimic acid, a proxy for oxygenated reactive organic material, reacts with O3 in a Criegee-type reaction. We used an environmental microreactor embedded in a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) to probe this oxidation process. This technique facilitates in situ measurements with single micron-sized particles and allows to obtain near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra with high spatial resolution. Thus, the chemical evolution of the interior of the particles can be followed under reaction conditions. The experiments show that the overall degradation rate of shikimic acid is depending on the relative humidity in a way that is controlled by the decreasing diffusivity of ozone with decreasing humidity. This decreasing diffusivity is most likely linked to the increasing viscosity of the shikimic acid–water mixture. The degradation rate was also depending on particle size, most congruent with a reacto-diffusion limited kinetic case where the reaction progresses only in a shallow layer within the bulk. No gradient in the shikimic acid concentration was observed within the bulk material at any humidity indicating that the diffusivity of shikimic acid is still high enough to allow its equilibration throughout the particles on the timescale of hours at higher humidity and that the thickness of the oxidized layer under dry conditions, where the particles are solid, is beyond the resolution of STXM.


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