Graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile ontoCassia tora gum with ceric ammonium nitrate-nitric acid as a redox initiator

Grafting of methyl acrylate onto sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated guar gum (backbone) was carried out using ceric ammonium nitrate as a redox initiator in an aqueous medium. The reaction variables including concentrations of initiator, nitric acid, monomer and amount of the backbone as well as time and temperature were varied for establishing the optimized reaction conditions for grafting. The influence of these reaction parameters on the grafting yields and the rates of polymerization, graft copolymerization and homopolymerization was also studied and the results were discussed. The kinetic scheme of free radical graft copolymerization was proposed and the experimental results were found to agree very well with the proposed kinetic scheme. The graft copolymer sample was characterized by IR-spectroscopic, thermal and scanning electron microscopic techniques.

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A Review on the Modification of Polysaccharide Through Graft Copolymerization for Various Potential Applications

The Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874104501711010109 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 109-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Deepak Kumar ◽

Jyoti Pandey ◽

Vinit Raj ◽

Pramendra Kumar

Keyword(s):

Textile Industry ◽

Graft Copolymerization ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Effluent Treatment ◽

Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Tannery Effluent ◽

Natural Polymers ◽

Polymer Backbone ◽

Industry Waste ◽

Redox Initiator

Introduction: Graft copolymerization is one of the most promising technique uses to modify the properties of naturally available polymers with a minimum loss in their native characteristics. Methods and Materials: Graft copolymerization is a very significant technique to add hybrid properties in backbone of polymers. The grafting generally initiated through the formation of free radical centers on the polymer backbone as well as monomer. Results: Grafted polysaccharides have various applications in different important scientific areas such as drug delivery, pharmaceutical field, plastic industry, waste water treatment, tannery effluent treatment, textile industry, agriculture area, etc. all of this fascinated us to summarize the major research articles over the last two decades outlining different methods of grafting, surface modification, graft copolymerization of synthetic and natural polymers. Conclusion: Various redox initiator systems viz. Ceric ammonium nitrate, per sulfate, Irradiation, FAS-H2O2 etc. is also explored for grafting of vinyl through conventional and non-conventional techniques.

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Ceric-induced grafting of acrylonitrile onto sodium alginate: kinetics and mechanism and effects of the reaction medium

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1088/0954-0083/6/3/002 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 193-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S B Shah ◽

C P Patel ◽

H C Trivedi

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Graft Copolymerization ◽

Mixed Solvents ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Kinetic Scheme ◽

Water Systems ◽

Ceric Ammonium Nitrate ◽

Good Agreement

The kinetic scheme of free radical graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto sodium alginate, using ceric ammonium nitrate as an initiator, has been proposed and equations relating the values of Rp, Rr and Rh are also suggested. The results have been found to be in good agreement with the proposed mechanism. The per cent grafting of AN onto sodium alginate has also been determined as a function of composition of the mixed solvents comprising methanol: water, ethanol: water, n-propanol:water and n-butanol: water systems. The reaction medium has been found to play an important role in graft copolymerization. The results of the effect of the reaction medium on grafting are also discussed.

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