Plasma polymerization of organoisothiocyanates. II. Structure of polymer film

The plasma polymerization replica method and its apparatus have been devised by Tanaka (1-3). We have published several reports on its application: surface replicas of biological and inorganic specimens, replicas of freeze-fractured tissues and metal-extraction replicas with immunocytochemical markers.The apparatus for plasma polymerization consists of a high voltage power supply, a vacuum chamber containing a hydrocarbon gas (naphthalene, methane, ethylene), and electrodes of an anode disk and a cathode of the specimen base. The surface replication by plasma polymerization in negative glow phase on the cathode was carried out by gassing at 0.05-0.1 Torr and glow discharging at 1.5-3 kV D.C. Ionized hydrocarbon molecules diffused into complex surface configurations and deposited as a three-dimensionally polymerized film of 1050 nm in thickness.The resulting film on the complex surface had uniform thickness and showed no granular texture. Since the film was chemically inert, resistant to heat and mecanically strong, it could be treated with almost any organic or inorganic solvents.

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Three-Dimensional Immunoelectron Microscopy of Yeast Cells by a New High-Resolution Replica Method

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119594 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 562-563

Author(s):

Hirano T. ◽

M. Yamaguchi ◽

M. Hayashi ◽

Y. Sekiguchi ◽

A. Tanaka

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Plasma Polymerization ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Replica Method ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Dynamic Aspect ◽

Replica Technique ◽

Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽

Transmission Electron

A plasma polymerization film replica method is a new high resolution replica technique devised by Tanaka et al. in 1978. It has been developed for investigation of the three dimensional ultrastructure in biological or nonbiological specimens with the transmission electron microscope. This method is based on direct observation of the single-stage replica film, which was obtained by directly coating on the specimen surface. A plasma polymerization film was deposited by gaseous hydrocarbon monomer in a glow discharge.The present study further developed the freeze fracture method by means of a plasma polymerization film produces a three dimensional replica of chemically untreated cells and provides a clear evidence of fine structure of the yeast plasma membrane, especially the dynamic aspect of the structure of invagination (Figure 1).

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A simple strategy for fabricating honeycomb patterns on commercially available polymer film under a wide humidity range

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.2020.304 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (23-24) ◽

pp. 3210-3221

Author(s):

Kai Huang ◽

Qi Cheng ◽

Honglei Zhang ◽

Ligang Lin ◽

Qiying Wang

Keyword(s):

Polymer Film ◽

Simple Strategy ◽

Humidity Range

Abstract

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Dynamics of Nanoparticle Chain Aggregates of Carbon Under Tension

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-778-u4.4 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 778 ◽

Author(s):

Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya ◽

Weizhi Rong ◽

Yong J. Suh ◽

Sheldon K. Friedlander

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Polymer Film ◽

Elastic Behavior ◽

Small Strains ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Chain Aggregates ◽

Nanoparticle Chains ◽

Reinforcing Filler

AbstractCarbon black in the form of nanoparticle chains is used as a reinforcing filler in elastomers. However, the dynamics of the filler particles under tension and their role in the improvement of the mechanical properties of rubber are not well understood. We have studied experimentally the dynamics of isolated nanoparticle chain aggregates (NCAs) of carbon made by laser ablation, and also that of carbon black embedded in a polymer film. In situ studies of stretching and contraction of such chains in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) were conducted under different maximum values of strain. Stretching causes initially folded NCA to reorganize into a straight, taut configuration. Further stretching leads to either plastic deformation and breakage (at 37.4% strain) or to a partial elastic behavior of the chain at small strains (e.g. 2.3% strain). For all cases the chains were very flexible under tension. Similar reorientation and stretching was observed for carbon black chains embedded in a polymer film. Such flexible and elastic nature of NCAs point towards a possible mechanism of reinforcement of rubber by carbon black fillers.

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