Morphometry and magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain in normal controls and Down's syndrome

1991 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Weis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Normal Controls

Clinical use of structural magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of dementia in adults with Down's syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Strydom ◽  
Angela Hassiotis ◽  
Zuzana Walker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Studies

AbstractObjectives: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been used to assist the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in adults with Down's syndrome (DS). However, the interpretation of the scans is difficult and clinical usefulness is uncertain. We aimed to summarise the current knowledge of MRI studies in adults with Down's syndrome with and without dementia and to discuss its implications for clinical practice.Method: We identified MRI studies in DS by a computerised literature search with Medline, Embase, and Psychlit from 1986 to 2001. We examined the references of identified articles and hand searched relevant journals. Structural MRI studies were selected as this type of imaging is most frequently used in clinical practice.Results: We included eight volumetric studies in adults with DS. Four of these included adults with DS and dementia. Overall, the size of brain structures such as cerebellum, hippocampus and cortex of adults with DS without dementia was significantly smaller than in normal controls. The basal ganglia were similar in size, and ventricles were enlarged. Furthermore, the size of brain structures in adults with DS and dementia was significantly different than in DS without dementia. In particular, ventricular and hippocampal volumes were affected.Conclusions: The change in brain structure associated with dementia can be detected on MRI of adults with DS. However, these may be difficult to interpret given the extent to which brain appearance in DS differs from that in the general population. Implications for clinical practice and future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Down's Syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (S4) ◽  
pp. 566-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Pelz ◽  
Stephen J. Karlik ◽  
Allan J. Fox ◽  
Fernando Viñuela
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Normal Limits

Abstract:100% of brains of Down's adults over age 40 will show Alzheimer-type neuropathologic changes in the frontal and temporal lobes. In an attempt to image these lesions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in seven patients with Down's syndrome, ranging in age from 17 to 45 years, using a resistive unit operating at 0.15 Tesla. All scans were within normal limits except for one 45 year-old patient with severe left temporal lobe atrophy. No areas of abnormal signal were seen in the frontal or temporal lobes and the white matter lesions commonly seen in elderly demented subjects were not visualized in this group. We conclude that these white matter lesions are likely coincidental and not causally related to Alzheimer's changes. The pathologic process leading to the formation and development of Alzheimer's changes in the brains of Down's adults may not be visible on magnetic resonance images.

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