A comparison of lipase-catalysed ester and lactone synthesis in low-water systems: Analysis of optimum water activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Alston ◽  
Robert B. Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Optimum Water ◽  
Lactone Synthesis

scholarly journals Rationalizing Systems Analysis for the Evaluation of Adaptation Strategies in Complex Human-Water Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1181-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Essenfelder ◽  
C. Dionisio Pérez-Blanco ◽  
Alex S. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Adaptation Strategies

Modelling and monitoring of integrated urban wastewater systems: review on status and perspectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Benedetti ◽  
Jeroen Langeveld ◽  
Adrien Comeau ◽  
Lluís Corominas ◽  
Glen Daigger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Integrated Models ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Systems

While the general principles and modelling approaches for integrated management/modelling of urban water systems already present a decade ago still hold, in recent years aspects like model interfacing and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influent generation as complements to sewer modelling have been investigated and several new or improved systems analysis methods have become available. New/improved software tools coupled with the current high computational capacity have enabled the application of integrated modelling to several practical cases, and advancements in monitoring water quantity and quality have been substantial and now allow the collecting of data in sufficient quality and quantity to permit using integrated models for real-time applications too. Further developments are warranted in the field of data quality assurance and efficient maintenance.

scholarly journals Rationalizing Systems Analysis for the Evaluation of Adaptation Strategies in Complex Human-Water Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Hrast Essenfelder ◽  
C. Dionisio Pérez-Blanco ◽  
Alex Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Adaptation Strategies

Effect of flameless catalytic infrared treatment on rancidity and bioactive compounds in wheat germ oil

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (43) ◽  
pp. 37265-37273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Hongjian Chen ◽  
Dewei Sun ◽  
Boxin Deng ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Oxidative Rancidity ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Optimum Water

FCIR was used to inhibit lipase and lipoxygenase activities of WG to extend its shelf life. FCIR inhibits rapid hydrolytic and oxidative rancidity of WG in minutes. The optimum water activity for inhibiting both hydrolytic and oxidative rancidity of WG is about 0.186.

Enzymatic Reactions in Non-Conventional Media: Prediction of Solvent Water Content for Optimum Water Activity

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Epaminondas C. Voutsas ◽  
Nikolaos M. Spiliotis ◽  
Dimitrios P. Tassios
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Solvent Water ◽  
Optimum Water

Water Activity in Sorbitol or Xylitol + Water and Sorbitol or Xylitol + Sodium Chloride + Water Systems at 20 °C and 35 °C

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 716-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F. Comesaña ◽  
Antonio Correa ◽  
Alberto M. Sereno
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Chloride Water

scholarly journals Water activity in polyol/water systems: new UNIFAC parameterization

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1501-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Marcolli ◽  
Th. Peter
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Alkyl Groups ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Model Predictions

Abstract. Water activities of a series of polyol/water systems were measured with an AquaLab dew point water activity meter at 298 K. The investigated polyols with carbon numbers from n=2–7 are all in liquid state at room temperature and miscible at any molar ratio 5 with water. In aqueous solutions with the same mass concentration, the diols with lower molecular weight lead to lower water activities than those with higher molecular weights. For diols with four or more carbon atoms, the hygroscopicity shows considerable differences between isomers: The 1,2-isomers – consisting of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part – bind less strongly to water than isomers with a more balanced 10 distribution of the hydroxyl groups. The experimental water activities were compared with the predictions of the group contribution method UNIFAC: the model predictions overestimate the water activity of water/polyol systems of substances with two or more hydroxyl groups and can not describe the decreased binding to water of isomers with hydrophobic tails. To account for the differences between isomers, a modified UNIFAC 15 parameterization was developed, that allows to discriminate between three types of alkyl groups depending on their position in the molecule. These new group-interaction parameters were calculated using water activities of alcohol/water mixtures. This leads to a distinctly improved agreement of model predictions with experimental results while largely keeping the simplicity of the functional group approach.

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