Does not using a pacifier help to increase the duration of breastfeeding for term infants?

Background: Accelerated gain in fat mass in the first months of life is considered to be a risk factor for adult diseases, given the tracking of infancy fat mass into adulthood. Our objective was to assess the influence of early growth, type of feeding and maternal variables on fat mass in early life. Methods: In 300 healthy term infants, we longitudinally measured fat mass percentage (FM%) by air-displacement-plethysmography at 1, 3, and 6 months and abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat measured by ultrasound at 3 and 6 months. Results: Both gain in FM% and weight-for-length in the first 3 months were positively associated with FM% at 6 months of age and visceral fat at 3 months of age. Gain in FM% and weight-for-length between 3 and 6 months were both positively associated with visceral fat at 6 months. Breastfeeding duration associated positively with subcutaneous fat but not with visceral fat at 3 and 6 months. Maternal characteristics did not associate with FM% or visceral fat at 3 or 6 months. Conclusion: Higher gain in FM% or in weight-for-length in the first postnatal months leads not only to higher FM% but also more to accumulation of visceral fat. Exclusive breastfeeding appears to promote subcutaneous but not visceral fat in the first 6 months.

Download Full-text

Duration of Breastfeeding in Late Preterm Infants: Maternal and Infant Factors

Journal of Human Lactation ◽

10.1177/0890334420978380 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 089033442097838

Author(s):

Kartika Darma Handayani ◽

Irwanto ◽

Melinda Masturina ◽

Risa Etika ◽

Agus Harianto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Short Form ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Maternal Factors ◽

Term Infants ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

The Mean ◽

Duration Of Breastfeeding

Background More than 550,000 late preterm infants are born each year in Indonesia. These infants, born between 340/7–366/7 weeks, have more complications than term infants. Breastfeeding is considered the most optimal nutrition for newborn infants. Two groups of factors are important for successful breastfeeding: infant and maternal factors. The infant factors can be evaluated using the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool and the maternal aspects with the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form. Aim To determine whether the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool or the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form was more predictive of successful breastfeeding among late preterm infants. Methods This study was conducted in the Academic Teaching Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia in March–July 2017. Mothers who delivered their infant between a gestational age of 340/7 and 366/7 weeks were included. Results Fifty-four single born participant mother–infant pairs were included. The mean total Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form score was 57.8 ( SD = 8.9). The mean Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool score was 8.3 ( SD = 1.8). There was a significant correlation between the total Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form score and the Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool score ( p = .020, r = 0.316). The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form was significantly higher in the participant (mothers) of the infants breastfed ≥ 4 months, compared to < 4 months, 61.59 ( SD = 5.78) versus 51.78 ( SD = 11.64; p = .001). No correlation was found between the duration of breastfeeding and Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool score ( p = .087) Conclusion Maternal factors were more important for successful breastfeeding in these late preterm infants than infant factors in our sample.

Download Full-text