Gold‐Catalyzed Direct C(sp
            3
            )−H Acetoxylation of Saturated Hydrocarbons

The nematic twist-bend (NTB) liquid crystal phase possesses a local helical structure with a pitch length of a few nanometres and is the first example of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a fluid system. All known examples of the NTB phase occur in materials whose constituent mesogenic units are aromatic hydrocarbons. It is not clear if this is due to synthetic convenience or a bona fide structural requirement for a material to exhibit this phase of matter. In this work we demonstrate that materials consisting largely of saturated hydrocarbons could also give rise to this mesophase. Furthermore, replacement of 1,4-disubstituted benzene with trans 1,4-cyclohexane or even 1,4-cubane does not especially alter the transition temperatures of the resulting material nor does it appear to impact upon the heliconical tilt angle, suggesting the local structure of the phase is unperturbed. Calculating the probability distribution of bend angles reveals that the choice of isosteric group has little impact on the overall molecular shape, demonstrating the shape-driven nature of the NTB phase.

Download Full-text

Production of Fuels and Chemicals from a CO2/H2 Mixture

Reactions ◽

10.3390/reactions1020011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 130-146

Author(s):

Yali Yao ◽

Baraka Celestin Sempuga ◽

Xinying Liu ◽

Diane Hildebrandt

Keyword(s):

Co2 Hydrogenation ◽

Water Gas Shift ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽

Reverse Water Gas Shift ◽

Cu Catalyst ◽

In Series ◽

Fuels And Chemicals ◽

Water Gas ◽

Aspen Simulation

In order to explore co-production alternatives, a once-through process for CO2 hydrogenation to chemicals and liquid fuels was investigated experimentally. In this approach, two different catalysts were considered; the first was a Cu-based catalyst that hydrogenates CO2 to methanol and CO and the second a Fisher–Tropsch (FT) Co-based catalyst. The two catalysts were loaded into different reactors and were initially operated separately. The experimental results show that: (1) the Cu catalyst was very active in both the methanol synthesis and reverse-water gas shift (R-WGS) reactions and these two reactions were restricted by thermodynamic equilibrium; this was also supported by an Aspen plus simulation of an (equilibrium) Gibbs reactor. The Aspen simulation results also indicated that the reactor can be operated adiabatically under certain conditions, given that the methanol reaction is exothermic and R-WGS is endothermic. (2) the FT catalyst produced mainly CH4 and short chain saturated hydrocarbons when the feed was CO2/H2. When the two reactors were coupled in series and the presence of CO in the tail gas from the first reactor (loaded with Cu catalyst) significantly improves the FT product selectivity toward higher carbon hydrocarbons in the second reactor compared to the standalone FT reactor with only CO2/H2 in the feed.

Download Full-text

Characteristics in oxidative degradation by ozone for saturated hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with diesel fuel

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.06.053 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 799-807 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Do-Yun Yu ◽

Namgoo Kang ◽

Wookeun Bae ◽

M. Katherine Banks

Keyword(s):

Diesel Fuel ◽

Oxidative Degradation ◽

Saturated Hydrocarbons

Download Full-text

Study of the industrial contaminations containing hydrocarbon components and their effect on correlation of protective properties of textiles for clothes

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201822602027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 226 ◽

pp. 02027

Author(s):

Irina Cherunova ◽

Elena Yakovleva ◽

Ekaterina Stefanova

Keyword(s):

Ministry Of Education ◽

State Technical ◽

Potential Influence ◽

Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽

Protective Properties ◽

Textile Materials ◽

Wet Processing ◽

Main Components ◽

High Level ◽

Made In

The article represents trends and results of world investigations for safety of textile materials for humans and environment. The algorithm for identification of potential influence vector of chemical emissions from textile and the environmentally aimed methods based on the alternative chemical substances for textile wet processing were presented. Using the procedure for oleophobic effect determination, the oil resistance levels of a number of modern fabrics for clothes were established. The experimental research results of the oil products concentration in the textile materials after chemical treatment based on the method of the capillary gas chromatography were presented. It was found out that hydrocarbons from C14H30 Tetradecane to С36Н74 Hexatriacontane are the main components with high level of contaminants concentration. The average values of hydrocarbon concentration on the cleaned up samples for the main areas of the clothe surface were determined. Accumulation of residual contaminations, based on saturated hydrocarbons (С17Н36 – С25Н52 block) and related special-purpose clothes areas, was identified. Recommendations for target-oriented correlation of the clothes protective properties were proposed. UWO (unified work order). The research was made in Don State Technical University within the framework of State Assignment of the Ministry of education and science of Russia under the project 11.9194.2017/BCh.

Download Full-text